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"id": 396124581,
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"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/fd2b6e12-e118-408e-821c-aad8256a21ac/",
"published": true,
"uuid": "fd2b6e12-e118-408e-821c-aad8256a21ac",
"name": "Leisure activities, Victor Kugler",
"name_nl": "Vrijetijdsbesteding Victor Kugler",
"name_en": "Leisure activities, Victor Kugler",
"description": "<p>Victor Kugler was a keen photographer. There is a photograph showing him with a camera. According to a stamp on the back, the photograph was taken by J. Colson.<sup data-footnote-id=\"utq76\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>2 February 1943</strong>, there was an advertisement in <em>De Telegraaf</em> asking for a Plaubel Makina bellows camera with 135 mm chassis, placed by "Gies, Prinsengr. 263".<sup data-footnote-id=\"c14vf\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> The ad was also in the <em>Haagsche Post</em> around the same time. Since Kugler was director of Gies & Co. and Mr and Mrs Gies were not particularly interested in photography, it is plausible that this was a Kugler initiative.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>15 November 1950</strong>, Kugler received an honourable mention for an entry in the 'B class' of 'Free Topics' of the magazine <em>Focus. Dutch magazine for general and colour photography</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ulash\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Kugler had a Leica IIIF, number 539310, with an Elmar 1:3.5 f=5cm lens, number 830978.<sup data-footnote-id=\"eh3n3\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> This model of camera appeared on the market in 1951. <sup data-footnote-id=\"rv40e\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> He had some additional lenses: a Leitz f/3.5 Summaron, no 780907, and a Leitz Elmar f/4, no 837287.<sup data-footnote-id=\"6201n\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> He also owned a Hektor telephoto lens, no 825634, in a bakelite tube,<sup data-footnote-id=\"mklna\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> and a Leica IIIF, no. 622834, with an Elmar 1:3.5 lens, no. 833611.<sup data-footnote-id=\"k2iqi\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>9 April 1947,</strong> the 'Hilversum Amateur Photographers Association 't Gooi' met, with the membership balloting of Kugler and doctor F. Peters on the agenda.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ue949\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Both of them were accepted as members.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rl7ya\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Kugler regularly attended members' meetings. In <strong>1947</strong>, he signed the attendance list once; in <strong>1948</strong>, four times. In <strong>1949</strong>, he was listed at all eight meetings; in <strong>1950</strong>, seven times. On <strong>20 December 1950</strong>, his wife signed in as a guest. In <strong>1951</strong>, Kugler signed in eight times; in <strong>1952</strong>, five times.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> On <strong>9 December</strong> that year he was absent, no doubt related to the death of his wife a few days earlier. In <strong>1953</strong>, he attended five of six meetings; in <strong>1954</strong>, five times. He signed the minutes of <strong>19 October 1954</strong> as chairman. He also stood with the board in November and December. On <strong>8 March 1955</strong>, his second wife signed in as a guest.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>For an exhibition on the 'Botanical Gardens', Kugler asked people to bring photos of flowers to the meeting or drop them off at his address.<sup data-footnote-id=\"2j2e4\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>At <strong>Easter 1955</strong>, five members of HAFV 't Gooi participated in an exhibition of Amateur photography club Flevo of Huizen, held at hotel Hamdorff in Laren. The exhibition featured a photograph by Kugler, "Untitled".<sup data-footnote-id=\"ugz02\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>The agenda for the meeting of <strong>27 September 1955</strong> stated that chairman Kugler gave a farewell speech to the association in the context of his departure abroad.<sup data-footnote-id=\"popva\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>To mark its 25th anniversary, the society held a major exhibition at hotel Het Hof van Holland <strong>on 24-27 September 1949</strong>. Three photographs by Kugler, titled 'Delft', 'Still Life' and 'Work location P.C. Hooft, Muiderslot', were displayed there.<sup data-footnote-id=\"8za3c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"utq76\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_Kugler_III_013: Foto van Victor Kugler buiten op de gracht en met een fototoestel in de hand. Kugler draagt dezelfde jas als op foto AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_III_036: Foto van de huwelijksdag van Miep en Jan Gies. Zeer waarschijnlijk werd deze foto gemaakt bij het oude stadhuis op de trouwdag van Jan en Miep Gies.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"c14vf\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Onder "Diversen", <em>De Telegraaf</em>, 2 februari 1943.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ulash\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_039: <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/21.12139/df481d83-aa19-4ae0-8904-620202d4c5b1\" target=\"_blank\">Diploma (met eervolle vermelding) van de Focus prijsvraag (fotografie)</a>, 15 november 1950. De foto is niet in het blad afgedrukt.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"eh3n3\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_041: Eigendomsbewijs, afgegeven 19 maart 1951, door de ambtenaar van invoerrechten en accijnzen te Hilversum.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rv40e\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>See Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leica_III.\" target=\"_blank\">Leica III</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6201n\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_042: Eigendomsbewijs, ongedateerd, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mklna\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_043: Eigendomsbewijs, 30 september 1953, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"k2iqi\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_044: Eigendomsbewijs, 12 mei 1954, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ue949\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief Hilversumse Amateur Fotografen Vereniging 't Gooi, (HAFV) Hilversum: Uitnodiging met agenda voor 9 april 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rl7ya\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Notulen vergadering 9 april 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Notulenboeken.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2j2e4\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Convocatie met agenda voor 12 februari 1952.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ugz02\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Catalogus Foto-tentoonstelling, Pasen 1955 (met pen -foutief- gedateerd 1959).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"popva\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV t Gooi: Convocatie met agenda voor 27 september 1955.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"8za3c\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Catalogus Nationale Foto-tentoonstelling te Hilversum.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_nl": "<p>Victor Kugler hield zich bezig met fotografie. Er is een foto waar hij op staat met een camera. De foto werd blijkens een stempel op de achterkant gemaakt door J. Colson.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":996,"y":22,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":1217,"abs_y":428}\" data-footnote-id=\"utq76\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>2 februari 1943</strong> stond in <em>De Telegraaf</em> een advertentie waarin door "Gies, Prinsengr. 263" een Plaubel Makina balgcamera met kleinbeeldchassis wordt gevraagd.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":971,"y":59,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":1192,"abs_y":465}\" data-footnote-id=\"c14vf\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> De advertentie stond rond dezelfde tijd ook in de <em>Haagsche Post</em>. Aangezien Kugler directeur van Gies & Co. was, en het echtpaar Gies zich niet bijzonder met fotografie bezig hield, is aannemelijk dat dit een initiatief van Kugler is.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>15 november 1950</strong> kreeg Kugler een eervolle vermelding voor een inzending in de ‘B-klasse’ van ‘Vrije Onderwerpen’ van het blad <em>Focus. Nederlands tijdschrift voor algemene, kleur- en kleurenfotografie</em>.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":178,"y":158,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":399,"abs_y":564}\" data-footnote-id=\"ulash\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Kugler had een Leica IIIF, nummer 539310, met een Elmar 1:3,5 f=5cm lens, nummer 830978.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":562,"y":195,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":783,"abs_y":601}\" data-footnote-id=\"eh3n3\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> Dit model camera verscheen in 1951 op de markt. <sup bis_size=\"{"x":869,"y":195,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":1090,"abs_y":601}\" data-footnote-id=\"rv40e\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> Voorts had hij enkele extra lenzen: een Leitz f/3.5 Summaron, nr. 780907, en een Leitz Elmar f/4, nr. 837287.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":489,"y":219,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":710,"abs_y":625}\" data-footnote-id=\"6201n\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> Verder bezat hij een Hektor telelens, nr. 825634, in een bakelieten koker.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":923,"y":219,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":1144,"abs_y":625}\" data-footnote-id=\"mklna\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> Ook had hij een Leica IIIF, nummer 622834, met een Elmar 1:3,5 lens, nummer 833611.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":430,"y":243,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":651,"abs_y":649}\" data-footnote-id=\"k2iqi\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>9 april 1947</strong> vergaderde de "Hilversumse Amateur Fotografen Vereniging 't Gooi", waarbij de ballotage van Kugler en de arts F. Peters op de agenda stond.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":935,"y":280,"w":12,"h":12,"abs_x":1156,"abs_y":686}\" data-footnote-id=\"ue949\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Beide heren werden als lid aangenomen.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":182,"y":304,"w":18,"h":12,"abs_x":403,"abs_y":710}\" data-footnote-id=\"rl7ya\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Kugler werd een trouw bezoeker van de ledenvergaderingen. In <strong>1947</strong> tekende hij een keer de presentielijst; in <strong>1948</strong> vier keer. In <strong>1949</strong> stond hij bij alle acht vergaderingen op de lijst; in <strong>1950</strong> zeven keer. Op <strong>20 december 1950</strong> tekende zijn echtgenote als introducée. In <strong>1951</strong> tekende Kugler acht keer; in <strong>1952</strong> vijf keer.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":794,"y":362,"w":17,"h":12,"abs_x":1015,"abs_y":768}\" data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> Op <strong>9 december</strong> van dat jaar liet hij verstek gaan, wat zonder twijfel verband hield met het overlijden van zijn vrouw enkele dagen eerder. In <strong>1953</strong> was hij vijf van de zes keer aanwezig; in <strong>1954</strong> vijf keer. De notulen van <strong>19 oktober 1954</strong> ondertekende hij als voorzitter. Ook in november en december stond hij bij het bestuur. Op <strong>8 maart 1955</strong> stond zijn tweede echtgenote bij de introducées.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":1005,"y":407,"w":17,"h":12,"abs_x":1226,"abs_y":813}\" data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Voor een expositie van de 'Botanische tuin' vroeg Kugler om foto's van bloemen mee te brengen naar de vergadering of af te geven aan zijn adres.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":863,"y":444,"w":18,"h":12,"abs_x":1084,"abs_y":850}\" data-footnote-id=\"2j2e4\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Met <strong>Pasen 1955</strong> namen vijf leden van HAFV 't Gooi deel aan een tentoonstelling van Amateurfotoclub Flevo uit Huizen, die gehouden werd in hotel Hamdorff in Laren. De expositie toonde een foto van Kugler, "Geen titel".<sup bis_size=\"{"x":251,"y":502,"w":18,"h":12,"abs_x":472,"abs_y":908}\" data-footnote-id=\"ugz02\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op de agenda voor de vergadering van <strong>27 september 1955</strong> stond dat voorzitter Kugler wegens vertrek naar het buitenland bedankte voor de vereniging.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":899,"y":539,"w":18,"h":12,"abs_x":1120,"abs_y":945}\" data-footnote-id=\"popva\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Ter gelegenheid van het 25-jarig jubileum hield de vereniging <strong>24-27 september 1949</strong> een grote tentoonstelling in hotel Het Hof van Holland. Er hingen drie foto's van Kugler, getiteld 'Delft', 'Stilleven' en 'Werkvertrek P.C. Hooft, Muiderslot'.<sup bis_size=\"{"x":342,"y":596,"w":18,"h":12,"abs_x":563,"abs_y":1002}\" data-footnote-id=\"8za3c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section bis_size=\"{"x":20,"y":631,"w":1041,"h":493,"abs_x":241,"abs_y":1037}\" class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header bis_size=\"{"x":35,"y":648,"w":1011,"h":23,"abs_x":256,"abs_y":1054}\">\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"utq76\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_Kugler_III_013: Foto van Victor Kugler buiten op de gracht en met een fototoestel in de hand. Kugler draagt dezelfde jas als op foto AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_III_036: Foto van de huwelijksdag van Miep en Jan Gies. Zeer waarschijnlijk werd deze foto gemaakt bij het oude stadhuis op de trouwdag van Jan en Miep Gies.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"c14vf\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Onder "Diversen", <em>De Telegraaf</em>, 2 februari 1943.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ulash\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_039: <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/21.12139/df481d83-aa19-4ae0-8904-620202d4c5b1\" target=\"_blank\">Diploma (met eervolle vermelding) van de Focus prijsvraag (fotografie)</a>, 15 november 1950. De foto is niet in het blad afgedrukt.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"eh3n3\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_041: Eigendomsbewijs, afgegeven 19 maart 1951, door de ambtenaar van invoerrechten en accijnzen te Hilversum.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rv40e\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie: Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leica_III.\" target=\"_blank\">Leica III</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6201n\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_042: Eigendomsbewijs, ongedateerd, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mklna\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_043: Eigendomsbewijs, 30 september 1953, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"k2iqi\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_044: Eigendomsbewijs, 12 mei 1954, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ue949\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief Hilversumse Amateur Fotografen Vereniging 't Gooi, (HAFV) Hilversum: Uitnodiging met agenda voor 9 april 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rl7ya\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Notulen vergadering 9 april 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Notulenboeken.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2j2e4\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Convocatie met agenda voor 12 februari 1952.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ugz02\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Catalogus Foto-tentoonstelling, Pasen 1955 (met pen -foutief- gedateerd 1959).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"popva\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV t Gooi: Convocatie met agenda voor 27 september 1955.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"8za3c\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Catalogus Nationale Foto-tentoonstelling te Hilversum.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_en": "<p>Victor Kugler was a keen photographer. There is a photograph showing him with a camera. According to a stamp on the back, the photograph was taken by J. Colson.<sup data-footnote-id=\"utq76\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>2 February 1943</strong>, there was an advertisement in <em>De Telegraaf</em> asking for a Plaubel Makina bellows camera with 135 mm chassis, placed by "Gies, Prinsengr. 263".<sup data-footnote-id=\"c14vf\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> The ad was also in the <em>Haagsche Post</em> around the same time. Since Kugler was director of Gies & Co. and Mr and Mrs Gies were not particularly interested in photography, it is plausible that this was a Kugler initiative.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>15 November 1950</strong>, Kugler received an honourable mention for an entry in the 'B class' of 'Free Topics' of the magazine <em>Focus. Dutch magazine for general and colour photography</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ulash\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Kugler had a Leica IIIF, number 539310, with an Elmar 1:3.5 f=5cm lens, number 830978.<sup data-footnote-id=\"eh3n3\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> This model of camera appeared on the market in 1951. <sup data-footnote-id=\"rv40e\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> He had some additional lenses: a Leitz f/3.5 Summaron, no 780907, and a Leitz Elmar f/4, no 837287.<sup data-footnote-id=\"6201n\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> He also owned a Hektor telephoto lens, no 825634, in a bakelite tube,<sup data-footnote-id=\"mklna\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> and a Leica IIIF, no. 622834, with an Elmar 1:3.5 lens, no. 833611.<sup data-footnote-id=\"k2iqi\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>9 April 1947,</strong> the 'Hilversum Amateur Photographers Association 't Gooi' met, with the membership balloting of Kugler and doctor F. Peters on the agenda.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ue949\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Both of them were accepted as members.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rl7ya\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Kugler regularly attended members' meetings. In <strong>1947</strong>, he signed the attendance list once; in <strong>1948</strong>, four times. In <strong>1949</strong>, he was listed at all eight meetings; in <strong>1950</strong>, seven times. On <strong>20 December 1950</strong>, his wife signed in as a guest. In <strong>1951</strong>, Kugler signed in eight times; in <strong>1952</strong>, five times.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> On <strong>9 December</strong> that year he was absent, no doubt related to the death of his wife a few days earlier. In <strong>1953</strong>, he attended five of six meetings; in <strong>1954</strong>, five times. He signed the minutes of <strong>19 October 1954</strong> as chairman. He also stood with the board in November and December. On <strong>8 March 1955</strong>, his second wife signed in as a guest.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>For an exhibition on the 'Botanical Gardens', Kugler asked people to bring photos of flowers to the meeting or drop them off at his address.<sup data-footnote-id=\"2j2e4\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>At <strong>Easter 1955</strong>, five members of HAFV 't Gooi participated in an exhibition of Amateur photography club Flevo of Huizen, held at hotel Hamdorff in Laren. The exhibition featured a photograph by Kugler, "Untitled".<sup data-footnote-id=\"ugz02\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>The agenda for the meeting of <strong>27 September 1955</strong> stated that chairman Kugler gave a farewell speech to the association in the context of his departure abroad.<sup data-footnote-id=\"popva\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>To mark its 25th anniversary, the society held a major exhibition at hotel Het Hof van Holland <strong>on 24-27 September 1949</strong>. Three photographs by Kugler, titled 'Delft', 'Still Life' and 'Work location P.C. Hooft, Muiderslot', were displayed there.<sup data-footnote-id=\"8za3c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"utq76\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_Kugler_III_013: Foto van Victor Kugler buiten op de gracht en met een fototoestel in de hand. Kugler draagt dezelfde jas als op foto AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_III_036: Foto van de huwelijksdag van Miep en Jan Gies. Zeer waarschijnlijk werd deze foto gemaakt bij het oude stadhuis op de trouwdag van Jan en Miep Gies.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"c14vf\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Onder "Diversen", <em>De Telegraaf</em>, 2 februari 1943.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ulash\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_039: <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/21.12139/df481d83-aa19-4ae0-8904-620202d4c5b1\" target=\"_blank\">Diploma (met eervolle vermelding) van de Focus prijsvraag (fotografie)</a>, 15 november 1950. De foto is niet in het blad afgedrukt.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"eh3n3\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_041: Eigendomsbewijs, afgegeven 19 maart 1951, door de ambtenaar van invoerrechten en accijnzen te Hilversum.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rv40e\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>See Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leica_III.\" target=\"_blank\">Leica III</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6201n\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_042: Eigendomsbewijs, ongedateerd, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mklna\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_043: Eigendomsbewijs, 30 september 1953, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"k2iqi\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Kugler_I_044: Eigendomsbewijs, 12 mei 1954, invoerrechten en accijnzen.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ue949\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief Hilversumse Amateur Fotografen Vereniging 't Gooi, (HAFV) Hilversum: Uitnodiging met agenda voor 9 april 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rl7ya\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Notulen vergadering 9 april 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jpcf0\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Notulenboeken.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2j2e4\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Convocatie met agenda voor 12 februari 1952.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ugz02\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Catalogus Foto-tentoonstelling, Pasen 1955 (met pen -foutief- gedateerd 1959).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"popva\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV t Gooi: Convocatie met agenda voor 27 september 1955.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"8za3c\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Archief HAFV 't Gooi: Catalogus Nationale Foto-tentoonstelling te Hilversum.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"summary": "Victor Kugler's hobby was photography.",
"summary_nl": "Victor Kugler had fotografie als hobby.",
"summary_en": "Victor Kugler's hobby was photography.",
"same_as": null,
"parent": 396124413,
"files": []
},
{
"id": 396124461,
"image": null,
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/3bccefa0-54c3-4cce-88b5-0164063aa957/",
"published": true,
"uuid": "3bccefa0-54c3-4cce-88b5-0164063aa957",
"name": "Vrij Nederland",
"name_nl": "Vrij Nederland",
"name_en": "Vrij Nederland",
"description": "<p>The first issue of the underground magazine <em>Vrij Nederland </em>appeared on <strong>31 August 1940</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"b1ql4\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> The first issue had a circulation of one hundred; by early <strong>1941</strong> this had risen to ten thousand. In <strong>March and April '41</strong>, almost everyone involved was arrested.<sup data-footnote-id=\"50i5w\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Several times a whole group of contributors were arrested, but the magazine continued to appear. <strong>In late 1942</strong>, anti-revolutionary editors split off. They founded a new magazine, from which <em>Trouw </em>emerged.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jyjf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In the summer of <strong>1945</strong>, <em>Vrij Nederland </em>moved into the address Keizersgracht 604 in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4whel\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"b1ql4\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Referred to by Anne as: <em>Vrij-Nederland</em>. Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 28 January 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"50i5w\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>L. de Jong, <em>Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog : deel 4: mei '40 - maart '41: tweede helft</em><em>, </em>'s-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, 1972, p. 716.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jyjf0\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Kurt Baschwitz, <em>De krant door alle tijden, </em>Amsterdam: Keesing, [1949], p. 270.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4whel\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Woningkaarten, inv. nr. 176: Woningkaart Keizersgracht 604.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_nl": "<p>Het eerste nummer van het illegale tijdschrift <em>Vrij Nederland </em>verscheen op <strong>31 augustus 1940</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"b1ql4\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> Het eerste nummer had een oplage van honderd; begin <strong>1941</strong> was dat gestegen tot tienduizend. In <strong>maart en april ’41</strong> werden vrijwel alle betrokkenen gearresteerd.<sup data-footnote-id=\"50i5w\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Verschillende keren werd een hele groep medewerkers gearresteerd, maar het blad bleef verschijnen. <strong>Eind 1942</strong> scheidden antirevolutionaire redacteuren zich af. Zij richtten een nieuw blad op, waaruit <em>Trouw </em>voortkwam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jyjf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In de zomer van <strong>1945</strong> betrok <em>Vrij Nederland </em>het adres Keizersgracht 604 in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4whel\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"b1ql4\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Wordt door Anne aangeduid als: <em>Vrij-Nederland</em>. Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 28 januari 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>, Amsterdam: Prometheus, 2013.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"50i5w\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>L. de Jong, <em>Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog : deel 4: mei '40 - maart '41: tweede helft</em><em>, </em>'s-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, 1972, p. 716.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jyjf0\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Kurt Baschwitz, <em>De krant door alle tijden, </em>Amsterdam: Keesing, [1949], p. 270.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4whel\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Woningkaarten, inv. nr. 176: Woningkaart Keizersgracht 604.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_en": "<p>The first issue of the underground magazine <em>Vrij Nederland </em>appeared on <strong>31 August 1940</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"b1ql4\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> The first issue had a circulation of one hundred; by early <strong>1941</strong> this had risen to ten thousand. In <strong>March and April '41</strong>, almost everyone involved was arrested.<sup data-footnote-id=\"50i5w\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Several times a whole group of contributors were arrested, but the magazine continued to appear. <strong>In late 1942</strong>, anti-revolutionary editors split off. They founded a new magazine, from which <em>Trouw </em>emerged.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jyjf0\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In the summer of <strong>1945</strong>, <em>Vrij Nederland </em>moved into the address Keizersgracht 604 in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4whel\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"b1ql4\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Referred to by Anne as: <em>Vrij-Nederland</em>. Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 28 January 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"50i5w\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>L. de Jong, <em>Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog : deel 4: mei '40 - maart '41: tweede helft</em><em>, </em>'s-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, 1972, p. 716.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jyjf0\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Kurt Baschwitz, <em>De krant door alle tijden, </em>Amsterdam: Keesing, [1949], p. 270.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4whel\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Woningkaarten, inv. nr. 176: Woningkaart Keizersgracht 604.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"summary": "The weekly magazine Vrij Nederland was part of the underground press during the war.",
"summary_nl": "Het weekblad Vrij Nederland behoorde tijdens de oorlog tot de illegale pers.",
"summary_en": "The weekly magazine Vrij Nederland was part of the underground press during the war.",
"same_as": [
"https://data.niod.nl/WO2_Thesaurus/corporaties/4829"
],
"parent": 87,
"files": []
},
{
"id": 396124624,
"image": null,
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/52976d4a-96a9-4975-970f-ad4d6437ea93/",
"published": true,
"uuid": "52976d4a-96a9-4975-970f-ad4d6437ea93",
"name": "'Weerklank' (Resonance) - Otto Frank and reactions to the diary",
"name_nl": "Weerklank - Otto Frank en de reacties op het dagboek",
"name_en": "'Weerklank' (Resonance) - Otto Frank and reactions to the diary",
"description": "<p>Otto Frank spent a lot of time - often together with his second wife Fritzi - on his correspondence:<em> 'It is part of my daily work to answer to letters from different countries of people who were moved by the Diary.'</em> <sup data-footnote-id=\"gjfxu\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Otto Frank called the reactions evoked by the diary '<em>Weerklank</em>' - Resonance:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Gradually, the diary was published in many countries. Everywhere it made a deep impression on readers. And when the diary was also made into a play and later a film, Anne became a symbol all over the world for all those who were or still are subjected to persecution innocently because of their race or religion. The diary's resonance proved to come from many directions. I received countless letters from all over the world, mainly from young people. Artists were inspired. Some made sculptures, others painted portraits of Anne. Requiems and pieces of music dedicated to her were composed and many, many poems were written in her memory. Many schools and institutions bear her name.' <sup data-footnote-id=\"4oo9x\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Weerklank van Anne Frank</em> is the title of a book that collects that wide range of responses to the Diary of Anne Frank. Anneke Steenmeyer edited the book on behalf of and in close cooperation with Otto Frank.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kqq3a\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> The book was translated into English<sup data-footnote-id=\"w5rxe\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> and Japanese.<br />\r\n<br />\r\n<em>Resonance</em> is also the name of a sub-collection of the Anne Frank Collection owned by the Anne Frank House which consists of documents and objects inspired by Anne Frank's diary and life, going into hiding, etc. The foundation of this collection was laid by Otto Frank who saw it as his duty to answer and preserve letters and responses from all parts of the world.<sup data-footnote-id=\"u5net\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"gjfxu\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, WI: Goodrich/Hackett papers: Otto Frank aan Frances Goodrich en Albert Hackett, 7 april 1954.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4oo9x\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichitng (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code OFA_070: Bitte schreiben Sie mir etwas über Anne Frank.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kqq3a\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anna G. Steenmeijer i.s.m. Otto Frank & Henri van Praag, <em>Weerklank van Anne Frank, </em>Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Contact, 1970.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w5rxe\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anna G. Steenmeijer (ed.) in collab. with Otto Frank & Henri van Praag, <em>A tribute to Anne Frank</em>, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"u5net\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code B_Weerklank_I t/m XI, XIV.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_nl": "<p>Otto Frank besteedde - vaak samen met zijn tweede vrouw Fritzi - veel tijd aan zijn correspondentie: '<em>It is part of my daily work to answer to letters from different countries of people who were moved by the Diary.'</em> <sup data-footnote-id=\"gjfxu\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Otto Frank noemde de reacties die het dagboek oproept <em>Weerklank</em>:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Langzamerhand werd het dagboek in veel landen gepubliceerd. Overal maakte het een diepe indruk op de lezers. En toen van het dagboek ook een toneelstuk en later een film werd gemaakt, werd Anne overal ter wereld een symbool voor al diegenen die onschuldig wegens hun ras of hun geloof vervolgd werden of nog steeds aan vervolgingen bloot staan. De weerklank van het dagboek bleek uit allerlei richtingen te komen. Ik kreeg ontelbare brieven uit de hele wereld, hoofdzakelijk van jonge mensen. Kunstenaars werden geïnspireerd. Sommigen maakten beelden, anderen schilderden portretten van Anne. Requiems en aan haar opgedragen muziekstukken werden gecomponeerd en vele, vele gedichten werden er te harer nagedachtenis geschreven. Veel scholen en instellingen dragen haar naam.' <sup data-footnote-id=\"4oo9x\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Weerklank van Anne Frank</em> is de titel van het boek waarin die verschillende soorten reacties op het dagboek van Anne Frank zijn verzameld. Anneke Steenmeyer redigeerde het boek in opdracht van en in nauwe samenwerking met Otto Frank.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kqq3a\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> Het boek werd vertaald in het Engels<sup data-footnote-id=\"f5f5s\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> en in het Japans.<br />\r\n<br />\r\n<em>Weerklank</em> is ook de benaming van de deelcollectie uit de Anne Frank Collectie in bezit van de Anne Frank Stichting die bestaat uit documenten en objecten geïnspireerd op het dagboek en het leven van Anne Frank, de onderduik etc. De basis van deze collectie is gelegd door Otto Frank die het als zijn plicht zag brieven en reacties uit alle delen van de wereld te beantwoorden en te bewaren.<sup data-footnote-id=\"u5net\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"gjfxu\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, WI: Goodrich/Hackett papers: Otto Frank aan Frances Goodrich en Albert Hackett, 7 april 1954.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4oo9x\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichitng (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code OFA_070: Bitte schreiben Sie mir etwas über Anne Frank (Nederlandse vertaling AFS).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kqq3a\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anna G. Steenmeijer i.s.m. Otto Frank & Henri van Praag, <em>Weerklank van Anne Frank, </em>Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Contact, 1970.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"f5f5s\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anna G. Steenmeijer (ed.) in collab. with Otto Frank & Henri van Praag, <em>A tribute to Anne Frank</em>, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"u5net\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code B_Weerklank_I t/m XI, XIV.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_en": "<p>Otto Frank spent a lot of time - often together with his second wife Fritzi - on his correspondence:<em> 'It is part of my daily work to answer to letters from different countries of people who were moved by the Diary.'</em> <sup data-footnote-id=\"gjfxu\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Otto Frank called the reactions evoked by the diary '<em>Weerklank</em>' - Resonance:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Gradually, the diary was published in many countries. Everywhere it made a deep impression on readers. And when the diary was also made into a play and later a film, Anne became a symbol all over the world for all those who were or still are subjected to persecution innocently because of their race or religion. The diary's resonance proved to come from many directions. I received countless letters from all over the world, mainly from young people. Artists were inspired. Some made sculptures, others painted portraits of Anne. Requiems and pieces of music dedicated to her were composed and many, many poems were written in her memory. Many schools and institutions bear her name.' <sup data-footnote-id=\"4oo9x\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Weerklank van Anne Frank</em> is the title of a book that collects that wide range of responses to the Diary of Anne Frank. Anneke Steenmeyer edited the book on behalf of and in close cooperation with Otto Frank.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kqq3a\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> The book was translated into English<sup data-footnote-id=\"w5rxe\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> and Japanese.<br />\r\n<br />\r\n<em>Resonance</em> is also the name of a sub-collection of the Anne Frank Collection owned by the Anne Frank House which consists of documents and objects inspired by Anne Frank's diary and life, going into hiding, etc. The foundation of this collection was laid by Otto Frank who saw it as his duty to answer and preserve letters and responses from all parts of the world.<sup data-footnote-id=\"u5net\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"gjfxu\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, WI: Goodrich/Hackett papers: Otto Frank aan Frances Goodrich en Albert Hackett, 7 april 1954.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4oo9x\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichitng (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code OFA_070: Bitte schreiben Sie mir etwas über Anne Frank.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kqq3a\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anna G. Steenmeijer i.s.m. Otto Frank & Henri van Praag, <em>Weerklank van Anne Frank, </em>Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Contact, 1970.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w5rxe\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anna G. Steenmeijer (ed.) in collab. with Otto Frank & Henri van Praag, <em>A tribute to Anne Frank</em>, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"u5net\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code B_Weerklank_I t/m XI, XIV.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"summary": "Otto Frank referred to the reactions evoked by the diary as 'Weerklank' - Resonance.",
"summary_nl": "Otto Frank noemde de reacties die het dagboek oproept Weerklank.",
"summary_en": "Otto Frank referred to the reactions evoked by the diary as 'Weerklank' - Resonance.",
"same_as": null,
"parent": null,
"files": []
},
{
"id": 396124420,
"image": null,
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/f1cf764c-cd3d-468e-9faa-07f9f3f2a6b1/",
"published": true,
"uuid": "f1cf764c-cd3d-468e-9faa-07f9f3f2a6b1",
"name": "Working life",
"name_nl": "Werkzame leven",
"name_en": "Working life",
"description": "",
"description_nl": "",
"description_en": "",
"summary": "Human activity that produces goods or provides services for which there is demand in an economy",
"summary_nl": "Menselijke activiteit die goederen voortbrengt of diensten verzorgt die in een economie worden gevraagd.",
"summary_en": "Human activity that produces goods or provides services for which there is demand in an economy",
"same_as": null,
"parent": null,
"files": []
}
]
}