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{
"id": 396124560,
"image": null,
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/06baebbd-7420-48fb-833f-6c7ee60ba232/",
"published": true,
"uuid": "06baebbd-7420-48fb-833f-6c7ee60ba232",
"name": "Philosophy of life, Anne Frank",
"name_nl": "Levensbeschouwing Anne Frank",
"name_en": "Philosophy of life, Anne Frank",
"description": "<p>It is difficult to describe Anne's religious thoughts. However, much can be distilled from statements made by others and from Anne's own diary entries.</p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Statements by others</strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Anne always participates in the Kinderfreundenfest, already in Aachen.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"ug6nm\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Anne did not show her religious feelings, she did so in her diary only. There you can see, that she really had it, but formalities did not seem to impress her, though she wrote about the light of the candles reminding her of the grandmother and giving her a sort of peace.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"z80ke\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>I</em> <em>personally am not educated in a religious sphere, but after my marriage and all the experiences of the Hitler regime, got more conscious as a Jew. With Anne one could not make much out of her feelings. The forms or ceremonies did not seem to impress her very much. She stood next to me when the candles where lighted and joined in singing the "mo-aus su..." the well known Hanukkah song."</em> <sup data-footnote-id=\"w3p7g\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Ich erinnere mich, dass Anne nie besonderes Interesse gezeigt hatte, wenn wir jüdische Feiertage begingen oder Herr Dussel Freitag Abendgebete sprach. [...] Ich glaube, die religiösen Formen des Judentums bedeuteten ihr wenig, wohl aber dessen ethischen Lehren.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"8yoyy\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>From an interview with Hanneli Goslar:<em> No, Anne almost never went to a synagogue.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"bpc32\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>According to various testimonies, Anne attended Hebrew lessons with Rabbi Mehler, with Mirjam Blumenthal and Dorothea Zucker, among others,<sup data-footnote-id=\"alxsw\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> and attended the liberal synagogue on Tolstraat with her family.<sup data-footnote-id=\"1taku\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Diary notes</strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><em>Encouraged by Father's good example, Mother pressed her prayer book into my hands. I read a few prayers in German, just to be polite. They certainly sound beautiful, but they mean very little to me. Why is she making me act so religious and devout?</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"1od49\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>Why do I always think and dream the most awful things and want to scream in terror? Because, in spite of everything, I still don't have enough faith in God. He's given me so much, which I don't deserve, and yet each day I make so many mistakes!</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"xnxva\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>Last night I went downstairs in the dark, all by myself, after having been there with Father a few nights before. I stood at the top of the stairs while German planes flew back and forth, and I knew I was on my own, that I couldn't count on others for support. My fear vanished. I looked up at the sky and trusted in God.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"53r6c\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>The best remedy for those who are frightened, lonely or unhappy is to go outside, somewhere they can be alone, alone with the sky, nature and God. For then and only then can you feel that everything is as it should be and that God wants people to be happy amid nature's beauty and simplicity. [...] This morning, when I was sitting in front of the window and taking a long, deep look outside at God and nature, I was happy, just plain happy. [...] Whenever you're feeling lonely or sad, try going to the loft on a beautiful day and looking outside. Not at the houses and the rooftops, but at the sky. As long as you can look fearlessly at the sky, you'll know that you're pure within and will find happiness once more</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"oh74n\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup><em><em><em> </em></em></em></li>\r\n\t<li><em>The second half of the year was slightly better. I became a teenager, and was treated more like a grownup.I got to know God! [...] I lie in bed at night, after ending my prayers with the words: "Ich danke dir für all das Gute und Liebe und Schöne",and I'm filled with joy. I think of going into hiding, my health and my whole being as das Gute; Peter's love (which is still so new and fragile and which neither of us dares to say aloud), the future, happiness and love as das Liebe; the world, nature and the tremendous beauty of everything, all that splendor, as das Schöne. [...] My advice is: "Go outside, to the country, enjoy the sun and all nature has to offer. Go outside and try to recapture the happiness within yourself; think of all the beauty in yourself and in everything around you and be happy." <em><em><em>[...] But to Nature, to the sunshine to freedom and to yourself, there you have something. There and there alone you will find yourself and God.</em></em></em></em><sup data-footnote-id=\"w5sm5\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>I know that I have God, God and Granny and so much more and that's what keeps me going. Without the voice that keeps holding out comfort and goodness to me I should have lost all hope long ago, without God I should long ago have collapsed.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"3o3di\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>It's difficult in times like these: ideals, dreams and cherished hopes rise within us, only to be crushed by grim reality. It's a wonder I haven't abandoned all my ideals, they seem so absurd and impractical. Yet I cling to them because I still believe, in spite of everything, that people are truly good at heart.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"p20ek\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>Clear political thoughts were not yet present with Anne. In her own words, she was a royalist:<em> "I sometimes listen to the Dutch broadcasts from London. Prince Bernhard recently announced that Princess Juliana is expecting a baby in January, which I think is wonderful. No one here understands why I take such an interest in the Royal Family."</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"y4tng\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ug6nm\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), Otto Frank Archief (OFA), reg. code OFA_072: Otto Frank aan Alice Frank-Stern, 30 september 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"z80ke\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Wisconsin Historical Society (WHS), Madison, WI, Goodrich/Hackett papers 1927-1961, Box no 2, correspondence 1952-1956: brief Otto Frank aan Frances Goodrich en Albert Hackett, 22 februari 1954 (kopie bij: AFS, afd. Collecties, Collectie in handen van derden, Instellingen Buitenland, Madison).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w3p7g\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank-Fonds (AFF), Bazel, Hacketts Korrespondenz 1954-1960, Doos 51, Meyer Levin Div. (S. Mermin), Play: Otto Frank aan de Hacketts, 6 februari 1954.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"8yoyy\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, Otto Frank Archief (OFA), reg. code OFA_070: Bitte schreiben Sie mir etwas über Anne Frank, p. 7.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bpc32\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Hanneli Goslar in: <em>Het Klokhuis: Anne Frank</em> (uitgezonden door de NOS op 30 en 31 oktober 2005).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"alxsw\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief, Zucker-Franklin: Dorothea Zucker-Franklin aan Hans Westra, 3 mei 2009.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1taku\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief: Collem, Martha van, Wiener, Ruth, e.a.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1od49\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 29 October 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>, transl. from the Dutch by Susan Massotty, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Contiunuum, 2019; AFS, Getuigenarchief, Blumenthal: Uittreksel uit brief Mirjam Blumenthal aan Otto Frank, september 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xnxva\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 29 December 1943, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"53r6c\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 30 January 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"oh74n\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 23 February 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w5sm5\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 7 March 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>. Deze passage suggereert dat Anne haar moeders exemplaar van Spinoza's <em>Ethica</em> las.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3o3di\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 12 March 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"p20ek\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 15 July 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"y4tng\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 21 September 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_nl": "<p>Het is moeilijk om de religieuze gedachten van Anne te omschrijven. Er valt echter wel veel te destilleren uit uitspraken van anderen en uit Annes eigen dagboeknotities.</p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Uitspraken van anderen</strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Anne doet altijd mee aan het Kinderfreundenfest, al in Aken.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"ug6nm\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Anne did not show her religious feelings, she did so in her diary only. There you can see, that she really had it, but formalities did not seem to impress her, though she wrote about the light of the candles reminding her of the grandmother and giving her a sort of peace.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"z80ke\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>I</em> <em>personally am not educated in a religious sphere, but after my marriage and all the experiences of the Hitler regime, got more conscious as a Jew. With Anne one could not make much out of her feelings. The forms or ceremonies did not seem to impress her very much. She stood next to me when the candles where lighted and joined in singing the “mo-aus su..” the well known Chanoeka song."</em> <sup data-footnote-id=\"w3p7g\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Ich erinnere mich, dass Anne nie besonderes Interesse gezeigt hatte, wenn wir jüdische Feiertage begingen oder Herr Dussel Freitag Abendgebete sprach. [...] Ich glaube, die religiösen Formen des Judentums bedeuteten ihr wenig, wohl aber dessen ethischen Lehren.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"8yoyy\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Uit een interview met Hanneli Goslar:<em> Nee, Anne ging bijna nooit naar een synagoge.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"bpc32\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Volgens verschillende getuigenissen zat Anne bij rabbijn Mehler op Hebreeuwse les, met onder andere Mirjam Blumenthal en Dorothea Zucker,<sup data-footnote-id=\"alxsw\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> en ging ze met haar familie naar de liberale synagoge in de Tolstraat.<sup data-footnote-id=\"1taku\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Dagboeknotities</strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><em>Om vader's goede voorbeeld te volgen heeft moeder me haar gebedboek in handen gestopt. Voor 't fatsoen heb ik wat gebeden in 't Duits gelezen, ik vind het wel mooi maar het zegt me niet veel. Waarom dwingt ze me ook om zo vroom-godsdienstig te doen?</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"1od49\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>Waarom droom en denk ik altijd de ergste dingen en zou ik het van angst wel uit willen gillen? Omdat ik toch nog, ondanks alles, God niet genoeg vertrouw. Hij heeft mij zoveel gegeven, wat ik zeker nog niet verdiend had en toch doe ik elke dag nog zoveel verkeerds!</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"xnxva\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>Gisterenavond ben ik helemaal alleen in het donker naar beneden gegaan nadat ik een paar avonden van te voren met Vader er al was. Ik stond toen bovenaan de trap, het was tamelijk, veel Duitse vliegmachines vliegen heen en weer en ik wist dat ik een-mens-op-zichzelf was, die niet op de steun van anderen mocht rekenen. M'n bangheid was verdwenen, ik zag op naar de hemel en vertrouwde op God.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"53r6c\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>En voor ieder die bang, eenzaam of ongelukkig is, is stellig het beste middel, naar buiten te gaan, ergens waar hij helemaal alleen is, alleen met de hemel, de natuur en God. Want dan pas, dan alleen, voelt men dat alles is, zoals het zijn moet en dat God de mensen in de eenvoudig, maar mooie natuur gelukkig wil zien. [...] <em>Toen ik naar buiten keek en eigenlijk God en de natuur recht en diep aankeek toen was ik gelukkig, niets anders dan gelukkig. [...] <em>Probeer ook eens als je alleen en ongelukkig of verdrietig bent, op de vliering bij zulk mooi weer, naar buiten te kijken. Niet naar de huizen en de daken, maar naar de Hemel. Zolang je onbevreest de Hemel aan kunt kijken, zolang weet je dat je zuiver van binnen bent en dat je toch weer gelukkig zult worden.</em></em></em><sup data-footnote-id=\"oh74n\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup><em><em><em> </em></em></em></li>\r\n\t<li><em><em><em>Toen de tweede helft van 1943, ik werd bakvis, werd volwassen naar lichaam en m'n geest onderging een grote, zeer grote verandering, ik leerde God kennen!</em> [...] <em>O s'avonds als ik in bed lig, en m'n gebed eindig met de woorden: «Ich danke dir, für all das Gute und Liebe und Schöne», dan jubelt het in mij, dan denk ik aan «das Gute» van het schuilen, van m'n gezondheid, van m'n hele zelf, aan «das Liebe» van Peter, dat wat nog klein en gevoelig is en wat we alle-twee nog niet durven noemen of aanraken en aan «das Schöne», dat de wereld is; de wereld en de Natuur, de Schoonheid en alles, alles mooie bij elkaar. [...] Mijn raad is: Ga naar buiten naar de velden, de natuur en de zon, ga naar buiten en probeer het geluk in jezelf en God te hervinden; denk aan al het mooie wat er in en om jezelf nog overblijft en wees gelukkig! [...] <em>Maar aan de Natuur, aan de zonneschijn aan de vrijheid en aan jezelf, daar heb je wat aan. Daar en daar alleen vind je jezelf en God.</em></em></em></em><sup data-footnote-id=\"w5sm5\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em><em><em><em><em>Ik weet dat ik God heb, God en Oma en nog zoveel meer en dat is het wat me rechtop houdt. Zonder die stem die altijd weer troost en goeds voorspelt, zou ik allang geen hoop meer hebben, zonder God was ik allang in elkaar gezakt.</em></em></em></em></em><sup data-footnote-id=\"3o3di\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em><em><em><em><em><em>Dat is het moeilijke in deze tijd, idealen, dromen, mooie verwachtingen komen nog niet op of ze worden door de gruwelijkste werkelijkheid getroffen en zo totaal verwoest. Het is een groot wonder dat ik niet al m'n verwachtingen op heb gegeven, want ze lijken absurd en onuitvoerbaar. Toch houd ik ze vast, ondanks alles omdat ik nog steeds aan de innerlijke goedheid van de mensen geloof.</em></em></em></em></em></em><sup data-footnote-id=\"p20ek\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>Duidelijke politieke gedachten waren bij Anne nog niet aanwezig. Ze was naar eigen zeggen, koningsgezind: <em>Ik luister soms naar de Oranje-zender, pas sprak Prins Bernhardt, omstreeks Januari zal er een kindje bij hun geboren worden, vertelde hij. Ik vind het leuk, hier begrijpen ze niet dat ik zo Oranje gezind ben.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"y4tng\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ug6nm\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), Otto Frank Archief (OFA), reg. code OFA_072: Otto Frank aan Alice Frank-Stern, 30 september 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"z80ke\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Wisconsin Historical Society (WHS), Madison, WI, Goodrich/Hackett papers 1927-1961, Box no 2, correspondence 1952-1956: brief Otto Frank aan Frances Goodrich en Albert Hackett, 22 februari 1954 (kopie bij: AFS, afd. Collecties, Collectie in handen van derden, Instellingen Buitenland, Madison).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w3p7g\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank-Fonds (AFF), Bazel, Hacketts Korrespondenz 1954-1960, Doos 51, Meyer Levin Div. (S. Mermin), Play: Otto Frank aan de Hacketts, 6 februari 1954.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"8yoyy\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, Otto Frank Archief (OFA), reg. code OFA_070: Bitte schreiben Sie mir etwas über Anne Frank, p. 7.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bpc32\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Hanneli Goslar in: <em>Het Klokhuis: Anne Frank</em> (uitgezonden door de NOS op 30 en 31 oktober 2005).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"alxsw\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief, Zucker-Franklin: Dorothea Zucker-Franklin aan Hans Westra, 3 mei 2009.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1taku\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief: Collem, Martha van, Wiener, Ruth, e.a.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1od49\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek B, 29 oktober 1942, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>, Amsterdam: Prometheus, 2013; AFS, Getuigenarchief, Blumenthal: Uittreksel uit brief Mirjam Blumenthal aan Otto Frank, september 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xnxva\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 29 december 1943, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"53r6c\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 30 januari 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"oh74n\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 23 februari 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w5sm5\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 7 maart 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>. Deze passage suggereert dat Anne haar moeders exemplaar van Spinoza's <em>Ethica</em> las.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3o3di\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 12 maart 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"p20ek\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 15 juli 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"y4tng\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek B, 21 september 1942, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_en": "<p>It is difficult to describe Anne's religious thoughts. However, much can be distilled from statements made by others and from Anne's own diary entries.</p>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Statements by others</strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Anne always participates in the Kinderfreundenfest, already in Aachen.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"ug6nm\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Anne did not show her religious feelings, she did so in her diary only. There you can see, that she really had it, but formalities did not seem to impress her, though she wrote about the light of the candles reminding her of the grandmother and giving her a sort of peace.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"z80ke\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>I</em> <em>personally am not educated in a religious sphere, but after my marriage and all the experiences of the Hitler regime, got more conscious as a Jew. With Anne one could not make much out of her feelings. The forms or ceremonies did not seem to impress her very much. She stood next to me when the candles where lighted and joined in singing the "mo-aus su..." the well known Hanukkah song."</em> <sup data-footnote-id=\"w3p7g\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: <em>Ich erinnere mich, dass Anne nie besonderes Interesse gezeigt hatte, wenn wir jüdische Feiertage begingen oder Herr Dussel Freitag Abendgebete sprach. [...] Ich glaube, die religiösen Formen des Judentums bedeuteten ihr wenig, wohl aber dessen ethischen Lehren.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"8yoyy\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>From an interview with Hanneli Goslar:<em> No, Anne almost never went to a synagogue.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"bpc32\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li>According to various testimonies, Anne attended Hebrew lessons with Rabbi Mehler, with Mirjam Blumenthal and Dorothea Zucker, among others,<sup data-footnote-id=\"alxsw\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> and attended the liberal synagogue on Tolstraat with her family.<sup data-footnote-id=\"1taku\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Diary notes</strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><em>Encouraged by Father's good example, Mother pressed her prayer book into my hands. I read a few prayers in German, just to be polite. They certainly sound beautiful, but they mean very little to me. Why is she making me act so religious and devout?</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"1od49\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>Why do I always think and dream the most awful things and want to scream in terror? Because, in spite of everything, I still don't have enough faith in God. He's given me so much, which I don't deserve, and yet each day I make so many mistakes!</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"xnxva\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>Last night I went downstairs in the dark, all by myself, after having been there with Father a few nights before. I stood at the top of the stairs while German planes flew back and forth, and I knew I was on my own, that I couldn't count on others for support. My fear vanished. I looked up at the sky and trusted in God.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"53r6c\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>The best remedy for those who are frightened, lonely or unhappy is to go outside, somewhere they can be alone, alone with the sky, nature and God. For then and only then can you feel that everything is as it should be and that God wants people to be happy amid nature's beauty and simplicity. [...] This morning, when I was sitting in front of the window and taking a long, deep look outside at God and nature, I was happy, just plain happy. [...] Whenever you're feeling lonely or sad, try going to the loft on a beautiful day and looking outside. Not at the houses and the rooftops, but at the sky. As long as you can look fearlessly at the sky, you'll know that you're pure within and will find happiness once more</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"oh74n\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup><em><em><em> </em></em></em></li>\r\n\t<li><em>The second half of the year was slightly better. I became a teenager, and was treated more like a grownup.I got to know God! [...] I lie in bed at night, after ending my prayers with the words: "Ich danke dir für all das Gute und Liebe und Schöne",and I'm filled with joy. I think of going into hiding, my health and my whole being as das Gute; Peter's love (which is still so new and fragile and which neither of us dares to say aloud), the future, happiness and love as das Liebe; the world, nature and the tremendous beauty of everything, all that splendor, as das Schöne. [...] My advice is: "Go outside, to the country, enjoy the sun and all nature has to offer. Go outside and try to recapture the happiness within yourself; think of all the beauty in yourself and in everything around you and be happy." <em><em><em>[...] But to Nature, to the sunshine to freedom and to yourself, there you have something. There and there alone you will find yourself and God.</em></em></em></em><sup data-footnote-id=\"w5sm5\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>I know that I have God, God and Granny and so much more and that's what keeps me going. Without the voice that keeps holding out comfort and goodness to me I should have lost all hope long ago, without God I should long ago have collapsed.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"3o3di\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup></li>\r\n\t<li><em>It's difficult in times like these: ideals, dreams and cherished hopes rise within us, only to be crushed by grim reality. It's a wonder I haven't abandoned all my ideals, they seem so absurd and impractical. Yet I cling to them because I still believe, in spite of everything, that people are truly good at heart.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"p20ek\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>Clear political thoughts were not yet present with Anne. In her own words, she was a royalist:<em> "I sometimes listen to the Dutch broadcasts from London. Prince Bernhard recently announced that Princess Juliana is expecting a baby in January, which I think is wonderful. No one here understands why I take such an interest in the Royal Family."</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"y4tng\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ug6nm\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), Otto Frank Archief (OFA), reg. code OFA_072: Otto Frank aan Alice Frank-Stern, 30 september 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"z80ke\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Wisconsin Historical Society (WHS), Madison, WI, Goodrich/Hackett papers 1927-1961, Box no 2, correspondence 1952-1956: brief Otto Frank aan Frances Goodrich en Albert Hackett, 22 februari 1954 (kopie bij: AFS, afd. Collecties, Collectie in handen van derden, Instellingen Buitenland, Madison).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w3p7g\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank-Fonds (AFF), Bazel, Hacketts Korrespondenz 1954-1960, Doos 51, Meyer Levin Div. (S. Mermin), Play: Otto Frank aan de Hacketts, 6 februari 1954.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"8yoyy\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, Otto Frank Archief (OFA), reg. code OFA_070: Bitte schreiben Sie mir etwas über Anne Frank, p. 7.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bpc32\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Hanneli Goslar in: <em>Het Klokhuis: Anne Frank</em> (uitgezonden door de NOS op 30 en 31 oktober 2005).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"alxsw\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief, Zucker-Franklin: Dorothea Zucker-Franklin aan Hans Westra, 3 mei 2009.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1taku\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief: Collem, Martha van, Wiener, Ruth, e.a.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1od49\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 29 October 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>, transl. from the Dutch by Susan Massotty, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Contiunuum, 2019; AFS, Getuigenarchief, Blumenthal: Uittreksel uit brief Mirjam Blumenthal aan Otto Frank, september 1947.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xnxva\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 29 December 1943, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"53r6c\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 30 January 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"oh74n\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 23 February 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"w5sm5\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 7 March 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>. Deze passage suggereert dat Anne haar moeders exemplaar van Spinoza's <em>Ethica</em> las.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3o3di\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 12 March 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"p20ek\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 15 July 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"y4tng\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 21 September 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"summary": "Anne did not often attend synagogue, but she did go to Jewish classes. In her diary, she gives her own take on the faith.",
"summary_nl": "Anne bezocht niet vaak de synagoge, maar ging wel naar Joodse les. In haar dagboek geeft ze haar eigen kijk op het geloof.",
"summary_en": "Anne did not often attend synagogue, but she did go to Jewish classes. In her diary, she gives her own take on the faith.",
"same_as": null,
"parent": 396124401,
"files": []
}