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{
    "id": 396124405,
    "image": null,
    "url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/62928bcc-7011-4ca1-abbe-7f829de1baac/",
    "published": true,
    "uuid": "62928bcc-7011-4ca1-abbe-7f829de1baac",
    "name": "Emigration in the mid-1930s",
    "name_nl": "Emigratie midden jaren dertig",
    "name_en": "Emigration in the mid-1930s",
    "description": "<p>Developments in Germany <strong>after 1933</strong> triggered several waves of Jewish emigration from that country.&nbsp;In addition to the boycott of Jewish shopkeepers and liberal professionals already proclaimed in <strong>April 1933</strong>, the Nuremberg laws came into effect in <strong>September 1935.</strong>&nbsp;These so-called racial laws and subsequent regulations were intended to deprive Jews in Germany of all their rights. For instance, Germans were forbidden to marry Jews and German Jews were deprived of even more civil rights. In this way, the Nazis tried to make life so hard for Jews that they would &#39;voluntarily&#39; leave Germany.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Between<strong> 1933</strong> and <strong>1937</strong>, a total of about 130,000 Jews left Nazi Germany. One of the famliles who left when life became increasingly difficult for Jews was the family of Herman van Pels. In <strong>1937</strong>, they left Osnabr&uuml;ck in Germany and settled in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"q5ms6\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> Several siblings of Hermann van Pels and his wife Auguste R&ouml;ttgen, as well as their parents, also opted for safe refuge in the Netherlands.</p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"q5ms6\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie:&nbsp;Gertjan Broek, <a href=\"https://demodernetijd.nl/wp-content/uploads/DMT-2019-3c-Broek.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Emigranten rond het Achterhuis van Anne Frank</a>, in: <em>De moderne tijd</em>, jrg. 3, nr. 3 (2019), p. 211-226.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
    "description_nl": "<p>De ontwikkelingen in Duitsland <strong>na 1933</strong> brachten verschillende golfbewegingen in de Joodse emigratie uit dat land teweeg, Naast de al in <strong>april 1933</strong>&nbsp;afgekondigde boycot van Joodse winkeliers en vrije beroepsbeoefenaars, traden&nbsp;in <strong>september&nbsp;1935&nbsp;</strong>de wetten van Neurenberg&nbsp;in werking, Deze zogenaamde rassenwetten en navolgende verordeningen waren bedoeld om de Joden in Duitsland al hun rechten te ontnemen. Zo was het verboden voor Duitsers om te trouwen met Joden en Duitse Joden werden nog meer burgerrechten ontnomen. Op deze manier probeerden de nazi&#39;s Joden het leven zo zuur te maken dat ze &#39;vrijwillig&#39; uit Duitsland zouden vertrekken.&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Tussen<strong> 1933</strong> en <strong>1937</strong> verlieten in totaal zo&rsquo;n 130.000 Joden nazi-Duitsland.&nbsp;Een van de famliles die vertrokken toen voor Joden het leven steeds moeilijker werd, was het gezin van Herman van Pels.&nbsp;In <strong>1937</strong>&nbsp;verlieten zij het Duitse Osnabr&uuml;ck en vestigden zich in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"13gms\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> Ook een aantal broers en zussen van Hermann van Pels en zijn echtgenote Auguste R&ouml;ttgen, evenals hun ouders,&nbsp;kozen een goed heenkomen in Nederland.</p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"13gms\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie:&nbsp;Gertjan Broek, <a href=\"https://demodernetijd.nl/wp-content/uploads/DMT-2019-3c-Broek.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Emigranten rond het Achterhuis van Anne Frank</a>, in: <em>De moderne tijd</em>, jrg. 3, nr. 3 (2019), p. 211-226.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
    "description_en": "<p>Developments in Germany <strong>after 1933</strong> triggered several waves of Jewish emigration from that country.&nbsp;In addition to the boycott of Jewish shopkeepers and liberal professionals already proclaimed in <strong>April 1933</strong>, the Nuremberg laws came into effect in <strong>September 1935.</strong>&nbsp;These so-called racial laws and subsequent regulations were intended to deprive Jews in Germany of all their rights. For instance, Germans were forbidden to marry Jews and German Jews were deprived of even more civil rights. In this way, the Nazis tried to make life so hard for Jews that they would &#39;voluntarily&#39; leave Germany.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Between<strong> 1933</strong> and <strong>1937</strong>, a total of about 130,000 Jews left Nazi Germany. One of the famliles who left when life became increasingly difficult for Jews was the family of Herman van Pels. In <strong>1937</strong>, they left Osnabr&uuml;ck in Germany and settled in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"q5ms6\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> Several siblings of Hermann van Pels and his wife Auguste R&ouml;ttgen, as well as their parents, also opted for safe refuge in the Netherlands.</p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"q5ms6\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie:&nbsp;Gertjan Broek, <a href=\"https://demodernetijd.nl/wp-content/uploads/DMT-2019-3c-Broek.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Emigranten rond het Achterhuis van Anne Frank</a>, in: <em>De moderne tijd</em>, jrg. 3, nr. 3 (2019), p. 211-226.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
    "summary": "Developments in Germany after 1933 triggered several waves of Jewish emigration from that country. After the proclamation of the Nuremberg racial laws, there was a new wave of refugees.",
    "summary_nl": "De ontwikkelingen in Duitsland na 1933 brachten verschillende golfbewegingen in de Joodse emigratie uit dat land teweeg. Na de afkondiging van de rassenwetten van Neurenberg kwam een nieuwe stroom vluchtelingen op gang.",
    "summary_en": "Developments in Germany after 1933 triggered several waves of Jewish emigration from that country. After the proclamation of the Nuremberg racial laws, there was a new wave of refugees.",
    "same_as": null,
    "parent": 396124387,
    "files": []
}