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{
"id": 396124650,
"image": null,
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/facb8e53-713e-4ac3-bc29-12e1e3fcebe6/",
"published": true,
"uuid": "facb8e53-713e-4ac3-bc29-12e1e3fcebe6",
"name": "Anne Frank's cats",
"name_nl": "De katten van Anne Frank",
"name_en": "Anne Frank's cats",
"description": "<p>When Anne went into hiding on <strong>6 July 1942</strong>, Moortje the cat had to stay behind with her neighbours at Merwedeplein. Anne would meet four other cats during the more than two years she spent in hiding, but she still thought back to Moortje regularly. Below is a list of all the cats.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Moortje</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Anne first reported the existence of Moortje the cat in a letter to her grandmother in Switzerland in <strong>April 1942</strong>. Moortje had then been living with them for six months and Anne fervently hoped for kittens since Moortje was often out and about.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ygvds\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>6 July 1942,</strong> she had to say goodbye to Moortje. Moortje was not allowed to come with her into hiding. Her parents left a note and meat for the neighbours asking them to take care of Moortje. At least that's how Anne wrote it down in her 'novel' about the Secret Annex, the text she wrote with a view to possible publication after the war.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ytiay\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> However, in her diary she did not mention saying goodbye to Moortje. And according to Toosje Kupers, a girl who lived next door to Anne, Moortje was already placed with them a few weeks before they left to go into hiding.<sup data-footnote-id=\"cw4zu\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Be that as it may, in the shelter Anne still regularly thought of Moortje. "<em>There's always a tiny black cat roaming around the yard and it reminds me of my dear sweet Moortje</em>."<sup data-footnote-id=\"sc45v\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> Even barely a month before the arrest, Anne was still thinking about Moortje. She regarded 'Scharminkeltje' (see below) as '<em>the new Moortje from the warehouse</em>'.<sup data-footnote-id=\"o0wjd\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> After the war, it would turn out that the neighbours had had to put down a weakened and sick Moortje during the war, presumably <strong>in mid-1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4jne0\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Mouschi</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>The Frank family went into hiding in the Secret Annex on <strong>6 July 1942</strong>. A week later, the Van Pels family joined them. Anne knew by then - perhaps somewhat indignantly - that Peter would be bringing his cat Mouschi with him to the hiding place. According to helper Miep Gies, '<em>a skinny black tomcat</em>'.<sup data-footnote-id=\"mpu4u\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> In the first weeks, it took Anne a while to get used to Mouschi: '<em>Mouschi, the cat, is becoming nicer to me as time goes by, but I'm still somewhat afraid of her.</em>'<sup data-footnote-id=\"oglbh\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>A few weeks later, she wasn't scared any more. '<em>Musschi</em> [sic] <em>is back with mother now, just like a baby kitten, I have her all covered up and she looks cute</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"6ojuk\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Apart from being a companion, Mouschi also kept the rats and mice at bay. When rats were seen in the attic of the Secret Annex, Mouschi had to sleep there. The rats stayed away temporarily, but it was not an overwhelming success. Peter was severely bitten in the arm by a rat when he went to the attic to get old newspapers.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Mouschi also brought fleas into the Secret Annex. '<em>The house is crawling with fleas, it's getting worse by the</em> day,' Anne sighed on <strong>3 August 1943</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup> Fortunately, helper Johannes Kleiman was able to obtain flea powder, but according to Anne, the fleas didn't really care. <em>'It's making us all very jittery; we're forever imagining a bite on our arms and legs or other parts of our bodies</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>When they were all arrested a year later, Mouschi presumably fled. The only person who noted anything about his fate is Miep Gies: '<em>During the arrest he must have run away and hid until now. "Come, Mouschi," I said firmly. "Come with me to the kitchen and get some milk. You will stay with me and Elli (Bep) in the office now</em>."'<sup data-footnote-id=\"2tw5h\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Boche and Tommie</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Boche [Moffie] and Tommie were the company's cats. These were not their original names; during the war their names had been changed. Anne explains this in her diary: '<em>For a while the firm Gies & Co. had two cats: one for the warehouse and one for the attic. Their paths crossed from time to time, which invariably resulted in a fight. The warehouse cat was always the aggressor, while the attic cat was ultimately the victor, just as in politics. So the warehouse cat was named the German or "Boche", and the attic cat the Englishman or "Tommy</em>".'<sup data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup> What happened to Tommy/Tommie, Anne does not mention. '<em>They got rid of Tommy</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Boche did spend some time at Prinsengracht. According to Miep, it was '<em>a big fat black and white cat with a somewhat battered head</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"yf9fs\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup> And Anne reports in her diary: '<em>The cat flipped himself over and stood up on his little white feet</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Peter initially suspected that Boche was a female cat, because she was getting fatter and fatter. He even expected she would have kittens. Anne had a different explanation: she suspected it was from the many stolen bones. Eventually he realised his mistake and showed Anne at the warehouse that Boche was a male cat. "<em>If any other boy had pointed out the 'male sexual organ' to me, I would never have given him a second glance. But Peter went on talking in a normal voice about what is otherwise a very awkward subject. Nor did he have any ulterior motives. By the time he was finished, I felt so much at ease that I started acting normally too."</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>When Boche fell ill in <strong>April</strong> <strong>1944</strong> - '<em>He sat quite still and started drooling</em>'<sup data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup> - Miep Gies took him to the vet. Something was wrong with his intestines. The medicine Miep brought along helped and Boche was soon back to normal. <em>'Peter gave it to him a few times, but Boche soon made himself scarce. I'll bet he was out courting his sweetheart</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>May 1944</strong>, Boche disappeared without a trace, mostly to Peter's chagrin. '<em>Have I told you that our Boche has disappeared? We haven't seen hide nor hair of her since last Thursday. She's probably already in cat heaven, while some animal lover has turned her into a tasty dish. Perhaps some girl who can afford it will be wearing a cap made of Boche's fur. Peter is heartbroken.</em>'<sup data-footnote-id=\"tcxte\"><a href=\"#footnote-16\" id=\"footnote-marker-16-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[16]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>During World War II, countless cats disappeared. Because of the food shortage, cat meat - which tastes like rabbit - was seen as an acceptable alternative. And cat fur was also used, as Anne's quote shows. Cat owners were strongly advised to keep their pets indoors.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Scharminkeltje</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Scharminkeltje first appeared in Anne's diary in <strong>June 1944</strong>. '<em>The new warehouse</em> <em>cat</em>',<sup data-footnote-id=\"de0iu\"><a href=\"#footnote-17\" id=\"footnote-marker-17-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[17]</a></sup> evidently the replacement for Boche, was unfortunately not long for Prinsengracht. '<em>She sleeps in the cat box and does her business in the wood shavings. Impossible to keep her</em>,' Anne noted succinctly.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4zuyb\"><a href=\"#footnote-18\" id=\"footnote-marker-18-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[18]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ygvds\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Familiearchief Anne Frank-Fonds, Bazel, Alice Frank, AFF_AIF_corr_18: Anne Frank aan (grootmoeder) Alice Frank-Stern.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ytiay\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 8 July 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works, </em>transl. from the Dutch by Susan Massotty, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"cw4zu\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Paul Arnoldussen, ‘Ook met de poes van Anne Frank liep het niet goed af’, <em>Het Parool</em>, 16 april 2013, <a href=\"https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/ook-met-de-poes-van-anne-frank-liep-het-niet-goed-af~b06d64f5/\">https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/ook-met-de-poes-van-anne-frank-liep-het-niet-goed-af~b06d64f5/</a></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"sc45v\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 30 September 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"o0wjd\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 2 June 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4jne0\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arnoldussen, ‘Ook met de poes van Anne Frank liep het niet goed af’.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mpu4u\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Miep Gies & Alison Leslie Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank. Het verhaal van Miep Gies, de steun en toeverlaat van de familile Frank in het Achterhuis</em>, Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1987, p. 105.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"oglbh\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 26 September 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6ojuk\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 10 October 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 3 August 1943, in: <em>The Collected Works</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2tw5h\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 198. </cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 12 March 1943, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>. Zie ook Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 63.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yf9fs\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 51.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 24 January 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 15 April 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"tcxte\" id=\"footnote-16\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-16-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 3 May 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"de0iu\" id=\"footnote-17\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-17-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 2 June 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4zuyb\" id=\"footnote-18\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-18-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 5 June 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_nl": "<p>Toen Anne op <strong>6 juli 1942</strong> ging onderduiken moest poes Moortje achterblijven bij de buren aan het Merwedeplein. Maar in de schuilplaats zou Anne in de ruim twee jaar dat zij daar ondergedoken zat nog vier andere katten tegenkomen. Maar zij denkt nog regelmatig terug aan Moortje. Hieronder alle katten op een rijtje.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Moortje</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Moortje Anne meldde het bestaan van poes Moortje voor de eerste keer in een brief in <strong>april 1942</strong> aan haar oma in Zwitserland. Moortje was toen een half jaar bij hen in huis en Anne hoopte vurig op ‘<em>kattenkindertjes</em>’ aangezien Moortje nogal eens de hort op was.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ygvds\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>6 juli 1942</strong> moest zij afscheid nemen van Moortje. Moortje mocht niet mee naar de schuilplaats. Haar ouders lieten een briefje en vlees achter voor de buren met het verzoek om voor Moortje te zorgen. Tenminste zo noteerde Anne het in haar ‘<em>roman’ over het Achterhuis</em>, de tekst die zij schreef met het oog op een mogelijke publicatie na de oorlog.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ytiay\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Echter in haar dagboek meldde zij het afscheid van Moortje niet. En volgens Annes toenmalige buurmeisje Toosje Kupers werd Moortje al een paar weken voor het vertrek naar de schuilplaats bij hen ondergebracht.<sup data-footnote-id=\"cw4zu\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Hoe het ook zij, in de schuilplaats dacht Anne nog regelmatig aan Moortje. ‘<em>In de tuin, loopt nu altijd zo'n klein zwart poesje, dat doet mij dan weer aan mijn moortje denken, o, die schat</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"sc45v\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> Ook krap een maand voor de arrestatie dacht Anne nog aan Moortje. ‘Scharminkeltje’ (zie verderop) beschouwde zij als ‘<em>de nieuwe Moortje uit het magazijn</em>’.<sup data-footnote-id=\"o0wjd\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> Na de oorlog zou blijken dat de buren een verzwakte en zieke Moortje tijdens de oorlog, vermoedelijk <strong>half 1944</strong>, hadden moeten laten inslapen.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4jne0\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Mouschi</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Het gezin Frank dook op <strong>6 juli 1942</strong> onder in het Achterhuis. Een week later voegde het gezin Van Pels zich bij hen. Anne wist toen al – misschien wel enigszins verontwaardigd – dat Peter zijn kat Mouschi mee zou nemen naar de schuilplaats. Volgens helpster Miep Gies ‘<em>een magere zwarte kater</em>’.<sup data-footnote-id=\"mpu4u\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> De eerste weken moest Anne flink wennen aan Mouschi. ‘<em>Musschie</em> [sic] <em>(de kat) wordt hoe langer hoe aardiger en liever tegen mij, maar ik ben nog altijd een beetje bang voor haar</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"oglbh\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Een paar weken later was van angst geen sprake meer. ‘<em>Musschi</em> [sic] <em>ligt nu weer bij moeder, net als een babypoesje, ik heb haar helemaal toegedekt en ze ziet er snoezig uit</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"6ojuk\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Behalve als gezelschap, hield Mouschi ook de ratten en muizen op afstand. Toen er ratten op de zolder van het Achterhuis gezien werden, moest Mouschi er slapen. De ratten bleven tijdelijk weg, maar een doorslaand succes was het niet. Peter werd flink in zijn arm gebeten door een rat, toen hij naar de vliering ging om oude kranten te halen.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Met Mouschi kwamen trouwens wel vlooien het Achterhuis in. ‘<em>Het huis zit onder de vlooien, de plaag neemt met de dag toe</em>’, verzuchtte Anne op <strong>3 augustus 1943</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup> Gelukkig kon helper Johannes Kleiman vlooienpoeder regelen, maar volgens Anne trokken de vlooien zich daar weinig van aan. ‘<em>We worden er allen zenuwachtig van, men denkt aldoor iets op arm, been of andere lichaamsdelen te voelen krabbelen</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Toen de onderduikers een jaar later gearresteerd worden, vluchte Mouschi vermoedelijk weg. De enige die wat over zijn lot noteerde is Miep Gies: ‘<em>Tijdens de arrestatie moest hij zijn weggerend en zich totnutoe hebben schuilgehouden. "Kom, Mouschi,"zei ik vastberaden. "Kom mee naar de keuken, dan krijg je wat melk. Jij blijft nu bij mij en Elli (Bep) in het kantoor</em>."’<sup data-footnote-id=\"2tw5h\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Moffi en Tommie</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Moffie en Tommie waren de katten van het bedrijf. Dat waren niet hun oorspronkelijke namen, gedurende de oorlog waren hun namen veranderd. Anne legt dat uit in haar dagboek: ‘<em>Een tijdje had mij. Gies & Co twee katten, één voor 't magazijn en één voor de zolder. Het gebeurde wel eens dat die twee zich ontmoetten, wat altijd grote gevechten ten gevolg had. De magazijner was altijd diegene die aanviel, terwijl het zolder beest op het eind toch de overwinning behaalde. Net als in de politiek, dus werd de magazijnkat, de Duitser of Moffi en de zolderkat, de Engelsman of Tommi.</em>’<sup data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup> Wat er met Tommi/Tommie gebeurd is, vermeldt Anne niet. ‘<em>Tommi is later afgeschaft</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Moffi/Moffie zat wel een tijd in de Prinsengracht. Volgens Miep was het ‘<em>een grote dike zwart-witte kater met een ietwat gehavende kop</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"yf9fs\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup> En Anne meldt in haar dagboek: ‘<em>De kat maakte nogmaals een halve draai en stond weer op z'n witte sokjes</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Peter vermoedde in eerste instantie dat Moffie een poes was, omdat zij steeds dikker werd. Hij verwachtte zelfs jonge katjes. Anne had een andere verklaring: zij vermoedde dat het van de vele gestolen boutjes kwam. Uiteindelijk besefte hij zijn vergissing en liet hij Anne in het magazijn zien dat Moffie een kater was. ‘<em>Iedere andere jongen die me «het mannelijk geslachtsdeel» zou hebben gewezen, zou ik niet meer aangekeken hebben. Maar Peter sprak doodgewoon verder over het anders zo penibele onderwerp, had helemaal geen nare bijbedoelingen en stelde me op 't laatst in zoverre gerust dat ik ook gewoon werd</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Toen Moffi in <strong>april 1944</strong> ziek werd - ‘<em>zij was erg stil en kwijlde</em>’<sup data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup> – bracht Miep Gies hem naar de dierenarts. Er was iets mis met zijn ingewanden. Het drankje dat Miep meekreeg hielp en Moffie was al snel weer de oude. ‘<em>Peter gaf haar een paar keer van dat drankje, maar al gauw liet Moffie zich niet meer zien en was dag en nacht op stap; zeker bij zijn meisje</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>mei 1944</strong> verdween Moffi spoorloos, vooral tot groot verdriet van Peter. ‘<em>Heb ik je al verteld dat onze Moffi weg is? Sinds verleden week Donderdag spoorloos verdwenen. Ze zal zeker allang in de kattenhemel zijn, terwijl de een of andere dierenvriend van haar een lekker boutje maakt. Misschien krijgt een meisje dat geld heeft een muts van haar vel. Peter is over dit feit erg bedroefd</em>.’<sup data-footnote-id=\"tcxte\"><a href=\"#footnote-16\" id=\"footnote-marker-16-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[16]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog verdwenen talloze katten. Door de voedselschaarste werd kattenvlees – smaakte als konijn – als acceptabel alternatief gezien. En ook het kattenvel werd gebruikt, zoals uit Annes citaat blijkt. Kattenhouders werd dringend geadviseerd om hun huisdier binnen te houden.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Scharminkeltje</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Scharminkeltje dook in Annes dagboek voor het eerst op in <strong>juni 1944</strong>. ‘<em>De nieuwe Moortje uit het magazijn</em>’,<sup data-footnote-id=\"de0iu\"><a href=\"#footnote-17\" id=\"footnote-marker-17-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[17]</a></sup> klaarblijkelijk de vervanger van Moffi, was helaas geen lang verblijf in de Prinsengracht beschoren. ‘<em>Ze neemt de kattebak als slaapplaats en de verpakkings-houtwol als w.c. Onmogelijk te houden</em>,' noteerde Anne kort en krachtig.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4zuyb\"><a href=\"#footnote-18\" id=\"footnote-marker-18-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[18]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ygvds\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Familiearchief Anne Frank-Fonds, Bazel, Alice Frank, AFF_AIF_corr_18: Anne Frank aan (grootmoeder) Alice Frank-Stern.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ytiay\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek B, 8 juli 1942, in: <em>Verzameld werk, </em>Amsterdam: Prometheus, 2013.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"cw4zu\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Paul Arnoldussen, ‘Ook met de poes van Anne Frank liep het niet goed af’, <em>Het Parool</em>, 16 april 2013, <a href=\"https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/ook-met-de-poes-van-anne-frank-liep-het-niet-goed-af~b06d64f5/\">https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/ook-met-de-poes-van-anne-frank-liep-het-niet-goed-af~b06d64f5/</a></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"sc45v\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 30 september 1942, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"o0wjd\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 2 juni 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4jne0\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arnoldussen, ‘Ook met de poes van Anne Frank liep het niet goed af’.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mpu4u\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Miep Gies & Alison Leslie Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank. Het verhaal van Miep Gies, de steun en toeverlaat van de familile Frank in het Achterhuis</em>, Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1987, p. 105.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"oglbh\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 26 september 1942, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6ojuk\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 10 oktober 1942, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek B, 3 augustus 1943, in: <em>Verzameld werk.</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2tw5h\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 198. </cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek B, 12 maart 1943, in: <em>Verzameld werk.</em> Zie ook Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 63.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yf9fs\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 51.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek B, 24 januari 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk.</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 15 april 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk.</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"tcxte\" id=\"footnote-16\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-16-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 3 mei 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"de0iu\" id=\"footnote-17\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-17-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 2 juni 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4zuyb\" id=\"footnote-18\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-18-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 5 juni 1944, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"description_en": "<p>When Anne went into hiding on <strong>6 July 1942</strong>, Moortje the cat had to stay behind with her neighbours at Merwedeplein. Anne would meet four other cats during the more than two years she spent in hiding, but she still thought back to Moortje regularly. Below is a list of all the cats.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Moortje</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Anne first reported the existence of Moortje the cat in a letter to her grandmother in Switzerland in <strong>April 1942</strong>. Moortje had then been living with them for six months and Anne fervently hoped for kittens since Moortje was often out and about.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ygvds\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>6 July 1942,</strong> she had to say goodbye to Moortje. Moortje was not allowed to come with her into hiding. Her parents left a note and meat for the neighbours asking them to take care of Moortje. At least that's how Anne wrote it down in her 'novel' about the Secret Annex, the text she wrote with a view to possible publication after the war.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ytiay\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> However, in her diary she did not mention saying goodbye to Moortje. And according to Toosje Kupers, a girl who lived next door to Anne, Moortje was already placed with them a few weeks before they left to go into hiding.<sup data-footnote-id=\"cw4zu\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Be that as it may, in the shelter Anne still regularly thought of Moortje. "<em>There's always a tiny black cat roaming around the yard and it reminds me of my dear sweet Moortje</em>."<sup data-footnote-id=\"sc45v\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> Even barely a month before the arrest, Anne was still thinking about Moortje. She regarded 'Scharminkeltje' (see below) as '<em>the new Moortje from the warehouse</em>'.<sup data-footnote-id=\"o0wjd\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> After the war, it would turn out that the neighbours had had to put down a weakened and sick Moortje during the war, presumably <strong>in mid-1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4jne0\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Mouschi</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>The Frank family went into hiding in the Secret Annex on <strong>6 July 1942</strong>. A week later, the Van Pels family joined them. Anne knew by then - perhaps somewhat indignantly - that Peter would be bringing his cat Mouschi with him to the hiding place. According to helper Miep Gies, '<em>a skinny black tomcat</em>'.<sup data-footnote-id=\"mpu4u\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> In the first weeks, it took Anne a while to get used to Mouschi: '<em>Mouschi, the cat, is becoming nicer to me as time goes by, but I'm still somewhat afraid of her.</em>'<sup data-footnote-id=\"oglbh\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>A few weeks later, she wasn't scared any more. '<em>Musschi</em> [sic] <em>is back with mother now, just like a baby kitten, I have her all covered up and she looks cute</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"6ojuk\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Apart from being a companion, Mouschi also kept the rats and mice at bay. When rats were seen in the attic of the Secret Annex, Mouschi had to sleep there. The rats stayed away temporarily, but it was not an overwhelming success. Peter was severely bitten in the arm by a rat when he went to the attic to get old newspapers.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Mouschi also brought fleas into the Secret Annex. '<em>The house is crawling with fleas, it's getting worse by the</em> day,' Anne sighed on <strong>3 August 1943</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup> Fortunately, helper Johannes Kleiman was able to obtain flea powder, but according to Anne, the fleas didn't really care. <em>'It's making us all very jittery; we're forever imagining a bite on our arms and legs or other parts of our bodies</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>When they were all arrested a year later, Mouschi presumably fled. The only person who noted anything about his fate is Miep Gies: '<em>During the arrest he must have run away and hid until now. "Come, Mouschi," I said firmly. "Come with me to the kitchen and get some milk. You will stay with me and Elli (Bep) in the office now</em>."'<sup data-footnote-id=\"2tw5h\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Boche and Tommie</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Boche [Moffie] and Tommie were the company's cats. These were not their original names; during the war their names had been changed. Anne explains this in her diary: '<em>For a while the firm Gies & Co. had two cats: one for the warehouse and one for the attic. Their paths crossed from time to time, which invariably resulted in a fight. The warehouse cat was always the aggressor, while the attic cat was ultimately the victor, just as in politics. So the warehouse cat was named the German or "Boche", and the attic cat the Englishman or "Tommy</em>".'<sup data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup> What happened to Tommy/Tommie, Anne does not mention. '<em>They got rid of Tommy</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Boche did spend some time at Prinsengracht. According to Miep, it was '<em>a big fat black and white cat with a somewhat battered head</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"yf9fs\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup> And Anne reports in her diary: '<em>The cat flipped himself over and stood up on his little white feet</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Peter initially suspected that Boche was a female cat, because she was getting fatter and fatter. He even expected she would have kittens. Anne had a different explanation: she suspected it was from the many stolen bones. Eventually he realised his mistake and showed Anne at the warehouse that Boche was a male cat. "<em>If any other boy had pointed out the 'male sexual organ' to me, I would never have given him a second glance. But Peter went on talking in a normal voice about what is otherwise a very awkward subject. Nor did he have any ulterior motives. By the time he was finished, I felt so much at ease that I started acting normally too."</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>When Boche fell ill in <strong>April</strong> <strong>1944</strong> - '<em>He sat quite still and started drooling</em>'<sup data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup> - Miep Gies took him to the vet. Something was wrong with his intestines. The medicine Miep brought along helped and Boche was soon back to normal. <em>'Peter gave it to him a few times, but Boche soon made himself scarce. I'll bet he was out courting his sweetheart</em>.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>May 1944</strong>, Boche disappeared without a trace, mostly to Peter's chagrin. '<em>Have I told you that our Boche has disappeared? We haven't seen hide nor hair of her since last Thursday. She's probably already in cat heaven, while some animal lover has turned her into a tasty dish. Perhaps some girl who can afford it will be wearing a cap made of Boche's fur. Peter is heartbroken.</em>'<sup data-footnote-id=\"tcxte\"><a href=\"#footnote-16\" id=\"footnote-marker-16-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[16]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>During World War II, countless cats disappeared. Because of the food shortage, cat meat - which tastes like rabbit - was seen as an acceptable alternative. And cat fur was also used, as Anne's quote shows. Cat owners were strongly advised to keep their pets indoors.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1><strong>Scharminkeltje</strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Scharminkeltje first appeared in Anne's diary in <strong>June 1944</strong>. '<em>The new warehouse</em> <em>cat</em>',<sup data-footnote-id=\"de0iu\"><a href=\"#footnote-17\" id=\"footnote-marker-17-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[17]</a></sup> evidently the replacement for Boche, was unfortunately not long for Prinsengracht. '<em>She sleeps in the cat box and does her business in the wood shavings. Impossible to keep her</em>,' Anne noted succinctly.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4zuyb\"><a href=\"#footnote-18\" id=\"footnote-marker-18-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[18]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ygvds\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Familiearchief Anne Frank-Fonds, Bazel, Alice Frank, AFF_AIF_corr_18: Anne Frank aan (grootmoeder) Alice Frank-Stern.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ytiay\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 8 July 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works, </em>transl. from the Dutch by Susan Massotty, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"cw4zu\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Paul Arnoldussen, ‘Ook met de poes van Anne Frank liep het niet goed af’, <em>Het Parool</em>, 16 april 2013, <a href=\"https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/ook-met-de-poes-van-anne-frank-liep-het-niet-goed-af~b06d64f5/\">https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/ook-met-de-poes-van-anne-frank-liep-het-niet-goed-af~b06d64f5/</a></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"sc45v\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 30 September 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"o0wjd\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 2 June 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4jne0\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arnoldussen, ‘Ook met de poes van Anne Frank liep het niet goed af’.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mpu4u\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Miep Gies & Alison Leslie Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank. Het verhaal van Miep Gies, de steun en toeverlaat van de familile Frank in het Achterhuis</em>, Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1987, p. 105.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"oglbh\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 26 September 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6ojuk\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 10 October 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bj0h8\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 3 August 1943, in: <em>The Collected Works</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2tw5h\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 198. </cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bhe57\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 12 March 1943, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>. Zie ook Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 63.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yf9fs\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Gies & Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank</em>, p. 51.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"82ka3\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version B, 24 January 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r0c1c\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 15 April 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"tcxte\" id=\"footnote-16\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-16-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 3 May 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"de0iu\" id=\"footnote-17\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-17-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 2 June 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4zuyb\" id=\"footnote-18\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-18-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 5 June 1944, in: <em>The Collected Works</em>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"summary": "Five cats are mentioned in Anne Frank's diary.",
"summary_nl": "In het dagboek van Anne Frank passeren vijf katten de revue.",
"summary_en": "Five cats are mentioned in Anne Frank's diary.",
"same_as": null,
"parent": 396124413,
"files": []
}