Zentralstelle für jüdische Auswanderung
The headquarters of the ‘Zentralstelle für jüdische Auswanderung’ was located in the building of the Christian H.B.S. school in Amsterdam.
De staf van de Zentralstelle für jüdische Auswanderung, Amsterdam
Vervaardiger onbekend. Fotocollectie NIOD Copyright: Status onduidelijk
The Zentralstelle für jüdische Auswanderung (Central Agency for Jewish Emigration) was located at Adema van Scheltemaplein 1 in Amsterdam.[1] The building was requisitioned from the Christian Hogere Burgerschool (H.B.S; Higher Civic School).[2]
The Zentralstelle was an important body for the German occupier in the organization of the deportations from the spring of 1941 to the fall of 1943..[3] There were similar agencies in Vienna, Prague and Berlin, which were responsible for the deportation of Jews.[4] Ferdinand Hugo aus der Funten and Willy Lages were in charge of this agency in the Netherlands.[5] It organized the relocation of Jews to Amsterdam, sent out calls for Jews to report, picked them up from their homes, conducted raids, tracked down people in hiding, interrogated and abused them. The Zentralstelle was financed by the LiRo bank, the bank that seized money and valuables from all Jews.
At the end of 1941, the order came for all non-Dutch Jews to register with the Zentralstelle for emigration.[6] In the Otto Frank Archive there are documents showing that Otto Frank also registered his family for this mandatory emigration.[7]
After the arrest on 4 August 1944, the eight people in hiding from the Secret Annex and two of their helpers, Victor Kugler and Johannes Kleiman, were interrogated here by the Sipo-SD. They had to stay overnight and were transferred to the Detention Center the next day.
The building was bombed on 26 November 1944, together with the headquarters of the Security Police and SD, in the requisitioned school building opposite on Euterpestraat.
Footnotes
- ^ J. Presser, Ondergang. De vervolging en verdelging van het Nederlandse Jodendom, 1940-1945, 's-Gravenhage: Staatsuitgeverij, 1965, deel I, p. 238; Bianca Stigter, Atlas van een bezette stad: Amsterdam 1940-1945, Amsterdam: Atlas Contact, 2019, p. 396-398.
- ^ Algemeen Adresboek voor de stad Amsterdam 1938, p. 1501.
- ^ Presser, Ondergang, passim; H. Wielek, De oorlog die Hitler won, Amsterdam: Amsterdamsche Boek- en Courantmij., 1947, passim.
- ^ Bob Moore, Slachtoffers en overlevenden. De nazivervolging van de Joden in Nederland, Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1998, p. 95
- ^ See: Wikipedia: Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Amsterdam.
- ^ Presser, Ondergang, deel I, p. 173.
- ^ Anne Frank Stichting, Anne Frank Collectie, Otto Frank Archief, reg. code OFA_059.