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Hanneli Goslar

Hanneli Goslar was a friend of Anne Frank's from the early years at the Montessori School. In Bergen-Belsen camp, she met Anne on the other side of the fence on several occasions.

Person

Fotograaf onbekend. Foto afkomstig uit privécollectie
  • Hannah Elisa Goslar
  • Born on: Nov. 12, 1928
  • Born in: Berlijn, Duitsland
  • Died on: Oct. 28, 2022
  • Died in: Jeruzalem, Israël

Hannah en haar zusje Gabri Goslar

Fotograaf onbekend. Foto afkomstig uit privécollectie

Status onduidelijk

Hannah (Hanneli or Lies) Elisabeth Pick-Goslar was born on 12 November 1928 in Berlin to a religious Jewish family.[1] The family fled to the Netherlands in 1933 and came to live at Merwedeplein 31-I in early 1934.[2] There, Hanneli got to know the Frank family right in the first week.[3] The Goslar and Frank families became good friends and visited each other very regularly. According to Hanneli, Edith Frank and her mother were 'like sisters' and her father and Otto Frank also got along well.[4]

School

From 3 September 1934, Hanneli went to the school for Preparatory Education No. 51, where Anne Frank had been at school for some time.[5] Hanneli remembers the first day of school well: ' My mother brought me to school, I didn't know the language yet and my mother was so afraid how it would go, how I would react. But I came in and Anne stood opposite the door by the bells and made them ring. She turned around and I flew into her arms and my mother was at ease to go home.'[4]

On 13 July 1935, Hanneli was transferred to the Sixth Montessori School.[5] Anne was also enrolled there from 16 August 1935. Despite changing class compositions, Hanneli and Anne were in the same class for six years.

On 8 August 1941, an ordinance was issued stipulating that Jewish students could only be taught by Jewish teachers from 1 September. Hanneli and Anne subsequently went to the Jewish Lyceum and were in class 1L2 together. Hanneli remembered well how she and Anne were always together at school and chatted a lot.[6]

On 25 June 1938, Hanneli was deprived of the 'deutschen Staatsangehörigkeit'.[7]

Hanneli's younger sister Rahel Gabriële Ida (Gabi) Goslar was born on 25 October 1940.[8] Having a young child and the fact that her mother Ruth Judith Klee was pregnant again two years later meant that going into hiding was not an option for the Goslar family. On 27 October 1942, Hanneli's mother died in childbirth, the baby having been stillborn a day earlier.[9] Anne wrote about the loss of the Goslar's baby in her diary on 2 November 1942.[10] She probably did not know then that Hanneli's mother had also died.[11]

On 20 June 1943 during the big raid in Amsterdam South, the Goslar family was rounded up and taken to Camp Westerbork. From there, Hanneli, her father and her sister Gabi were deported to Bergen-Belsen on 15 February 1944. There Hanneli was put in the Sternlager.

Encounters with Anne

A year later, in February 1945, Hanneli heard that Anne was in the camp section next to the Sternlager, called Kleines Frauenlager. A fence ran between the camp sections separating the Sternlager from the Frauenlager. Hanneli remembered hearing the voice of Auguste van Pels, who then put her in touch with Anne. Ilse and Marty van Collem may also have been present at the meetings at the fence a few times.[12]

According to Hanneli, when they first met, she and Anne stood at the fence crying and related their experiences to each other. For instance, Hanneli recalled Anne telling her that she thought her parents were dead. Hanneli herself had been under the impression that Anne was in Switzerland with her family.

Because conditions in the Sternlager were relatively better than in the Frauenlager, after the first meeting, Hanneli collected a parcel with food and clothes for Anne. The next evening, she threw a parcel over the fence. An unknown woman caught the parcel and ran off with it, much to Anne's frustration. A few days later, Hanneli had put together another parcel. This time it did reach Anne. It was the last contact between Anne and Hanneli.[13] They had met at the fence three times.

Since the first meeting with Anne came about through the intervention of Auguste van Pels, it must have taken place in late January or early February 1945. In fact, according to a transport list, Auguste was been deported to Raguhn (sub-camp of Buchenwald) as early as 7 February 1945.[14] Moreover, the parcel contained items from a Red Cross parcel. Hanneli's grandmother had received a Red Cross parcel around 23 January 1945.[15]

After her father's death on 25 February 1945, Hanneli and her sister were transported to Theresienstadt in early April 1945. Eventually, the train stranded near the villages of Tröbitz and Schilda and they were liberated there.

Return

In July 1945, Hanneli returned to the Netherlands and first spent a few months in the hospital in Maastricht because of typhus fever.[16] Otto Frank visited her there in early August and told her that Anne was no longer alive.[17] Shortly afterwards, she moved to the Joodse Invalide in Amsterdam. Otto Frank also visited her there.[18] With Otto Frank's help, she and her sister Gabi were reunited with her uncle Hans Klee in Switzerland on 5 December 1945.[19] Even after Hanneli emigrated to Israel, she stayed in contact with Otto Frank.[20]

Hanneli Goslar is frequently mentioned in Anne's diary. In the diary, Hanneli is also referred to as 'Lies Goosens' by Anne.

Source personal data.[21] Addresses: Berlin; Nieuwe Hoogstraat 9-11, Amsterdam (Hotel Hiegentlich), Merwedeplein 31-I, Zuider Amstellaan 16 II.[22]

Footnotes

  1. ^ For the life story of Hannah Goslar, see: Alison Leslie Gold, Memories of Anne Frank: reflections of a childhood friend, New York, NY: Scholastic Press, 1997;  Hannah Pick-Goslar with Dina Kraft, My friend Anne Frank, London: Rider, 2023
  2. ^ Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Hans Goslar; Willy Lindwer, De laatste zeven maanden. Vrouwen in het spoor van Anne Frank. Hilversum: Gooi en Sticht, 1988, p. 25.
  3. ^ Lindwer, De laatste zeven maanden, p. 25.
  4. a, b Lindwer, De laatste zeven maanden, p. 27.
  5. a, b Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC),A_Montessorischool_I_0001: leerlingenregister School No. 51, volgnr. 308.
  6. ^ Lindwer, De laatste zeven maanden, p. 35-36.
  7. ^ Hans Georg Lehmann & Michael Hepp (Einl.), Die Ausbürgerung deutscher Staatsangehöriger 1933 – 45 nach den im Reichsanzeiger veröffentlichten Listen. Band 1. Listen in chronologischer Reihenfolge, München: Saur, 1985, p. 59.
  8. ^ SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart H. Goslar en Arciefkaart Rahel Gabriële Ida Goslar.
  9. ^ Op 26 oktober 1942 om 10 uur ’s ochtends beviel Ruth Goslar-Klee van een kind, dat bij de Burgerlijke Stand als levenloos werd aangegeven (SAA, reg. 14, fol. 4: Akte van overlijden, 26 oktober 1942.) Een dag later, op 27 oktober 1942 om acht uur ’s avond overleed Ruth Goslar Klee zelf ook (SAA, Burgerlijke Stand (toegang 5009), inv. nr. 6960: register van overlijdensakten 1942, deel 14, 4v, akte 19 en 6v, akte 31).
  10. ^ Anne Frank, Verson A, 2 November 1942, 2nd, in: The Collected Works; [transl. from the Dutch by Susan Massotty; transl. from the German language by Kirsten Warner and transl. from the Dutch language by Nancy Forest-Flier]. London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019. ISBN 978-1-4729-6491-5.
  11. ^ Lindwer, De laatste zeven maanden, p. 39 en 45; AFS, Getuigenverhalen I: transcriptie interview met Hanneli Pick - Goslar, afgenomen op 6 mei 2009 door David de Jongh, p. 68, Interview deel e, tijdcode 08:44:05.
  12. ^ Hanneli Goslar in: Jon Blair (regie & prod.), Anne Frank remembered, London: The Jon Blair Film Company, 1995; AFS, Getuigenarchief, Getuigen Verhalen I, interview, Martha Dotan van Collem, 2011; Getuigenarchief, getuigen Verhalen II, interview, Ilse Zilversmit - van Collum. 2013.
  13. ^ Lindwer, De laatste zeven maanden, p. 44-46.
  14. ^ International Tracing Service (ITS), Bad Arolson, Archivnummer: 5792, Abschrift Überstellungsliste von KL Bergen-Belsen an KL Buchenwald/Raguhn.
  15. ^ ITS, docnr. 3396827#1 (1.1.3.1/0025/0071), Commission Mixte de Secours de la croix-rouge internationale, brief aan Generalführer hartmann, 23 januari 1945.
  16. ^ AFS, Getuigenverhalen I, transcriptie interview Hanneli Pick – Goslar door David de Jongh, 6 mei 2009, p. 2-3, tijdcode 12:37:10– 12:39:31.
  17. ^ AFS, AFC, reg. code OFA_002: agenda 1945, 1 - 3 augustus.
  18. ^ AFS, AFC, Otto Frank Archief, reg. code OFA_002: agenda 1945, 25 en 29 september, 6, 9 en 12 oktober en 1 november.
  19. ^ AFS, Getuigenverhalen I, transcriptie interview Hanneli Pick – Goslar door David de Jongh, 6 mei 2009, p. 2, tijdcode 12:38:24 – 12:39:31.
  20. ^ Lindwer, De laatste zeven maanden, p. 50-51.
  21. ^ SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Hans Goslar; 'Holocaust survivor Hanna Pick-Goslar passes away at 93', Jerusalem Post, 28 oktober 2022.
  22. ^ SAA. Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Hans Goslear en Archiefkaart Ruth Judith Klee.