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{
"id": 2503,
"image": null,
"pictures": [],
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/personen/539e3cd3-7e91-4b21-99a5-79eadca3bffe/",
"subjects": [
"https://research.annefrank.org/en/api/subjects/3684c3f2-ba86-43cb-a9ed-73e6ec6c6189?format=api"
],
"published": true,
"uuid": "539e3cd3-7e91-4b21-99a5-79eadca3bffe",
"first_name": "Margot Margalit",
"last_name": "Rosenthal - Drach",
"infix": "",
"title": "Margot Drach - Rosenthal",
"title_nl": "Margot Drach - Rosenthal",
"title_en": "Margot Drach - Rosenthal",
"content": "<p>Margot Rosenthal was born on <strong>23 August 1925</strong> in the German town of Eisleben.<sup data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> There she lived with her father Erich Rosenthal (1886-1944) and mother Flora (Flori) Rosenthal-Barnett (1903-1944) at Lutherstrasse 14. Her parents had taken over the menswear shop of her grandmother Bertha Rosenthal-Wollstein (1855-1915) at the address and lived upstairs.<sup data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> In <strong>1938</strong>, the shop and house were destroyed during the November pogrom. The synagogue a few houses away, at Lutherstrasse 25, was also set on fire and destroyed by members of the SA and SS.<sup data-footnote-id=\"pu4kh\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In January <strong>1939</strong>, the family fled to the Netherlands and came to live in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kndy5\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> From <strong>22 November 1939</strong>, the Rosenthal family was registered at Roompotstraat 2-I in Amsterdam-Zuid.<sup data-footnote-id=\"idu7d\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot became part of a Zionist youth movement that had a 'youth aliyah' house at the Pavilion Loosdrechtsche Rade in Loosdrecht.<sup data-footnote-id=\"zcdlk\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>In mid-August 1942,</strong> the youth movement was warned that the Pavilion would be emptied and members went into hiding through contacts with the Westerweel group. Margot had also been in hiding since then, with Frans Gerritsen and Henny de Haan in Haarlem, among others.<sup data-footnote-id=\"xsenh\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> She received fake papers through the resistance and was given the alias Maria Rietman.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Her parents were taken from Amsterdam to Camp Vught on <strong>10 March 1943</strong>. A day later, on <strong>11 March 1943</strong>, they arrived at Camp Westerbork.<sup data-footnote-id=\"bv25b\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup> From there, they were transported to Theresienstadt on <strong>21 April 1943</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kyoyq\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Six months later, on <strong>9 October 1944</strong>, they were put on a transport to Auschwitz. There, Erich and Flora Rosenthal were murdered in the gas chamber immediately upon arrival on <strong>11 October 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"v6b74\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Hiding and imprisonment</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot reportedly went into hiding at 25 addresses until she was arrested in<strong> June 1944</strong>. Via the headquarters of the <em>Sicherhietsdienst</em> on Euterpestraat in Amsterdam and the Detention Centre on Weteringschans, she finally arrived in Camp Westerbork on <strong>27 June 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> Like the people from the Secret Annex, Margot was put in punishment hut 67. In the camp, she had to perform forced labour in battery recycling.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> In Westerbork, she met the Frank family and became good friends with Anne.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>3 September 1944</strong>, Margot Rosenthal, like the Frank family, was transported to Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp. After arrival, she was in the same hut as Anne, Margot and Edith Frank in Auschwitz-Birkenau for a time. Also in Auschwitz-Birkenau, Margot had to perform forced labour by collecting potatoes from a train and then pulling them to the camp with wagons (instead of horses). After four months in Auschwitz-Birkenau, Margot was selected for Bergen-Belsen camp in <strong>January 1945</strong>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>At Bergen-Belsen, Margot Rosenthal was not in the same hut as the Frank sisters, but did meet them. She told them that their mother Edith had survived the selection on<strong> 30 October 1944</strong> <sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> and told Anne and Margot this.<sup data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup> Shortly after Margot Frank died, she saw Anne again.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>After the war, Nanette Blitz (1929) was in hospital next to Margot Rosenthal and briefly described in a letter to Otto Frank the meeting between Margot Rosenthal and Anne and Margot Frank in Bergen-Belsen:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Perhaps you can remember Margot Drach-Rosenthal from Westerbork, who spent quite a lot of time with Anne? <em>She is lying here next to me and told me the following: 'She went together with your wife and children to Birkenau where they stayed together until November. Then Margot and Anne were sent to Bergen-Belsen, where they arrived on 3 Nov. There I met them (a girl who is also a patient here was above them). I was not in their hut but visited them often. Meanwhile, Margot (called Monika) Rosenthal arrived in Bergen-Belsen in January and told them that she had spoken to your wife in Birkenau which cheered them up very much, because they had had little hope regarding the selection.'</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot Rosenthal did not know at the time that Edith had died on <strong>6 January 1945 </strong>.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Liberation</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>15 April 1945</strong>, Margot was liberated from Bergen-Belsen.<sup data-footnote-id=\"p7eug\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup> She weighed only 25 kg at the time and was reportedly taken out of the camp in a Red Cross helicopter.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-4\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> She arrived in the Netherlands in <strong>June 1945</strong> and spent two weeks in the 'death ward' of the Emma Emergency Hospital in Eindhoven.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-4\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> She was later transferred to the Provincial Hospital in Santpoort, where she was on the same ward as Nanette Blitz, among others.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>autumn 1947</strong>, Margot married Gideon (Thomas) Drach (1916-1990) whom she had met during the war as a member of the Westerweel group.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup> Soon after, the couple decided to apply for emigration to Palestine on <strong>13 November 1947</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"6n6j8\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup> Like her husband, Margot then decided to adopt a different name and has been called Margalit ever since.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>24 January 1957,</strong> she wrote a letter to Otto Frank to inquire how he was doing and whether they could meet.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>She died on <strong>25 April 2017</strong> in Haifa, Israel, at the age of 91.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jcnjp\"><a href=\"#footnote-16\" id=\"footnote-marker-16-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[16]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Addresses</em>: Germany, Eisleben: Lutherstrasse 14; Netherlands, Amsterdam: Roompotstraat 2-I; Loosdrecht: C 8 Rood; Amsterdam: Brossenburgplein 17-I; Israel, Haifa.</p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2><em>Footnotes</em></h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"http://data.synagoge-eisleben.de/gen/fg01/fg01_073.html\">http://data.synagoge-eisleben.de/gen/fg01/fg01_073.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"pu4kh\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>In 1939 telde de synagoge 108 leden, slechts 2 leden hebben de Holocaust overleefd. Zie <a href=\"https://synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Das_Gedenkbuch.html\">https://synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Das_Gedenkbuch.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022). Voor persoonlijke verslagen over deze nacht in Eisleben zie ook: <a href=\"https://www.mz.de/lokal/hettstedt/reichspogromnacht-1938-erinnerung-an-die-verbrechen-des-nationalsozialismus-in-mansfeld-sudharz-1501118\">https://www.mz.de/lokal/hettstedt/reichspogromnacht-1938-erinnerung-an-die-verbrechen-des-nationalsozialismus-in-mansfeld-sudharz-1501118</a></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kndy5\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Vader Erich Rosenthal stond vanaf 16 januari 1939 ingeschreven op de Prinsengracht 356-hs in Amsterdam. Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98517a9d-270d-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7?person=98517a9d-270e-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7\">https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98517a9d-270d-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7?person=98517a9d-270e-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"idu7d\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, DIenst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Flora Barnett, <a href=\"https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98533418-4fe8-56a3-e053-b784100ade19?person=98533418-4fe9-56a3-e053-b784100ade19\">https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98533418-4fe8-56a3-e053-b784100ade19?person=98533418-4fe9-56a3-e053-b784100ade19</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"zcdlk\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Waarschijnlijk woonde ze net als de andere leden in dit huis, zonder haar ouders. Op de kaart in het archief van Arolsen staat het adres in Loosdrecht als haar woonadres genoteerd. Arolsen Archives - International Center on Nazi Persecution, Bad Oarolsen: Kaart Margot Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, Kibbotes Lohamei Hagetaot, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, Verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.; <a href=\"https://www.joodsamsterdam.nl/loosdrecht/\">https://www.joodsamsterdam.nl/loosdrecht/</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022). Haar lidmaatschap wordt ook bevestigd door de foto voor het huis: <a href=\"https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/museum_photos/westerweel.asp\">https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/museum_photos/westerweel.asp</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xsenh\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Frans Gerritsen werd door Yad Vashem benoemd tot <em>Righteous Among the Nations</em> <a href=\"https://righteous.yadvashem.org/?search=Frans%20Gerritsen&searchType=righteous_only&language=en&itemId=4014994&ind=0\">https://righteous.yadvashem.org/?search=Frans%20Gerritsen&searchType=righteous_only&language=en&itemId=4014994&ind=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-3\">c</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-4\">d</a> </sup><cite>Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bv25b\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Vught-kaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402166?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2139574&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402166?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2139574&p=0</a> (31-10-2022); Vught-kaart Flora Barnett, Arolsen Archives, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402171?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2139576&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402171?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2139576&p=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kyoyq\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Kaart Erich Rosenthal, Arolsen Archives, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365683?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365683?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Kaart Flora Barnett, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365696?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2575048&p=1\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365696?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2575048&p=1</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"v6b74\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives: Theresienstadt transportkaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/5116567?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2547205&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/5116567?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2547205&p=0</a> (31-10-2022); <a href=\"https://www.synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Plan_08.html\">https://www.synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Plan_08.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-3\">c</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-4\">d</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives: Kaart Margot Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Getuigenarchief, Blitz, Nanette: brief Nanette Blitz aan Otto Frank, 31 oktober 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"p7eug\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://www.annefrank.org/nl/timeline/166/bergen-belsen-wordt-bevrijd/\">https://www.annefrank.org/nl/timeline/166/bergen-belsen-wordt-bevrijd/</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://westerborkportretten.nl/bevrijdingsportretten/gideon-drach\">https://westerborkportretten.nl/bevrijdingsportretten/gideon-drach</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6n6j8\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://data.jck.nl/page/aggregation/jhm-documenten/D020718\">https://data.jck.nl/page/aggregation/jhm-documenten/D020718</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jcnjp\" id=\"footnote-16\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-16-1\">^</a> </sup><cite><a href=\"https://www.geni.com/people/MARGALIT-DRACH/6000000013260083641\">https://www.geni.com/people/MARGALIT-DRACH/6000000013260083641</a> (geraadpleegd 17 november 2022)</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>",
"content_nl": "<p>Margot Rosenthal werd op <strong>23 augustus 1925</strong> geboren in de Duitse stad Eisleben.<sup data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> Daar woonde ze met haar vader Erich Rosenthal (1886-1944) en moeder Flora (Flori) Rosenthal – Barnett (1903-1944) aan de Lutherstraße 14. Haar ouders hadden op het adres de herenkledingwinkel van haar grootmoeder Bertha Rosenthal-Wollstein (1855-1915) overgenomen en woonden daar boven.<sup data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> In <strong>1938</strong> werd de winkel en het huis tijdens de Novemberpogrom vernield. Ook de synagoge een paar huizen verder, op de Lutherstraße 25, werd in brand gestoken en vernield door leden van de SA en SS.<sup data-footnote-id=\"pu4kh\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>januari 1939</strong> vluchtte het gezin naar Nederland en komen ze in Amsterdam te wonen.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kndy5\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> Vanaf <strong>22 november 1939</strong> stond het gezin Rosenthal ingeschreven op de Roompotstraat 2-I in Amsterdam-Zuid.<sup data-footnote-id=\"idu7d\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot werd deel van een zionistische jeugdbeweging die een jeugdalijah-huis had in het Paviljoen Loosdrechtsche Rade in Loosdrecht.<sup data-footnote-id=\"zcdlk\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Midden augustus 1942</strong> werd de jeugdbeweging gewaarschuwd dat het Paviljoen zou worden leeggehaald en doken de leden via contacten met de Westerweelgroep onder. Ook Margot zat sindsdien ondergedoken, bij onder meer bij Frans Gerritsen en Henny de Haan in Haarlem.<sup data-footnote-id=\"xsenh\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> Ze ontving valse papieren via het verzet en kreeg Maria Rietman als schuilnaam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Haar ouders werden op <strong>10 maart 1943</strong> uit Amsterdam naar kamp Vught gebracht. Een dag later, op <strong>11 maart 1943</strong>, kwamen ze in kamp Westerbork terecht.<sup data-footnote-id=\"bv25b\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup> Van daaruit werden ze op <strong>21 april 1943</strong> op transport gesteld naar Theresienstadt.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kyoyq\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Zes maanden later, op <strong>9 oktober 1944</strong>, moesten zij op transport naar Auschwitz. Daar werden Erich en Flora Rosenthal direct na aankomst op <strong>11 oktober 1944</strong> in de gaskamer vermoord.<sup data-footnote-id=\"v6b74\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Onderduik en gevangenschap</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot zou op 25 adressen ondergedoken hebben gezeten totdat ze in<strong> juni 1944</strong> werd gearresteerd. Via het hoofdkantoor van de <em>Sicherhietsdienst</em> in de Euterpestraat in Amsterdam en het Huis van Bewaring op de Weteringschans, kwam ze uiteindelijk op <strong>27 juni 1944</strong> in kamp Westerbork aan.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> Margot verbleef daar net als de onderduikers uit het Achterhuis in strafbarak 67. In het kamp moest ze dwangarbeid verrichtten in de batterijensloop.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> In Westerbork ontmoette ze de familie Frank en raakte ze goed bevriend met Anne.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>3 september 1944</strong> werd Margot Rosenthal, net als de familie Frank, op transport gesteld naar concentratie- en vernietigingskamp Auschwitz. Na aankomst bleef ze een tijd bij Anne, Margot en Edith Frank in Auschwitz-Birkenau. Ook in Auschwitz-Birkenau moest Margot dwangarbeid verrichtten door aardappels van een trein te halen en deze vervolgens met wagens naar het kamp te trekken (in plaats van paarden). Na vier maanden in Auschwitz-Birkenau werd Margot in <strong>januari 1945 </strong>geselecteerd voor kamp Bergen Belsen.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In Bergen-Belsen zat Margot Rosenthal niet in dezelfde barak als de zusjes Frank, maar zou ze wel hebben ontmoet. Ze zou hebben geweten dat hun moeder Edith de selectie op<strong> 30 oktober 1944</strong> had overleefd<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> en zou dit nog aan Anne en Margot hebben verteld.<sup data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup> Kort nadat Margot Frank was overleden, zou ze Anne nog een keer hebben ontmoet.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Na de oorlog lag Nanette Blitz (1929) naast Margot Rosenthal in het ziekenhuis en beschreef ze kort in een brief aan Otto Frank de ontmoeting tussen Margot Rosenthal en Anne en Margot Frank in Bergen-Belsen: </p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Misschien kunt U zich Margot Drach-Rosenthal herinneren uit Westerbork, die nogal veel met Anne omging? <em>Zij ligt hier naast me en vertelde mij het volgende: Zij ging tezamen met uw vrouw en kinderen naar Birkenau waar ze samenbleven tot November. Toen gingen Margot en Anne naar Bergen-Belsen, waar zij 3 Nov. arriveerden. Daar ontmoette ik hen (een meisje die ook hier ligt lag boven hen). Ik was niet in hun barak maar bezocht hen vaak. Ondertussen arriveerde Margot (genaamd Monika) Rosenthal in Januari in Bergen Belsen en vertelde hun dat zij uw vrouw in Birkenau had gesproken wat hun erg opfleurde, omdat zij weinig hoop bij de selectie hadden gehad.’</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot Rosenthal wist destijds niet dat Edith op <strong>6 januari 1945 </strong>was overleden.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Bevrijding</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>15 april 1945</strong> werd Margot bevrijd uit Bergen-Belsen.<sup data-footnote-id=\"p7eug\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup> Ze woog toen nog slechts 25 kg en zou met een Rode Kruis-helikopter uit het kamp zijn gehaald.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-4\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> In <strong>juni 1945</strong> kwam ze in Nederland aan en lag ze twee weken op de 'dodenafdeling' van het Noodziekenhuis Emma in Eindhoven.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-4\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> Later werd ze overgeplaatst naar het Provinciaals Ziekenhuis in Santpoort, waar ze onder meer naast Nanette Blitz lag.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In de <strong>herfst van 1947</strong> trouwde Margot met Gideon (Thomas) Drach (1916-1990) die ze tijdens de oorlog had leren kennen als lid van de Westerweelgroep.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup> Snel daarna besloot het echtpaar op <strong>13 november 1947</strong> een aanvraag in te dienen voor emigratie naar Palestina.<sup data-footnote-id=\"6n6j8\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup> Net als haar man besloot Margot toen een andere naam aan te nemen en heette sindsdien Margalit.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>24 januari 1957</strong> schreef ze een brief aan Otto Frank om te informeren hoe het met hem ging en of ze elkaar konden ontmoeten.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Ze overleed op <strong>25 april 2017</strong> in Haifa, Israël, op 91 jarige leeftijd.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jcnjp\"><a href=\"#footnote-16\" id=\"footnote-marker-16-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[16]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Adressen</em>: Duitsland, Eisleben: Lutherstraße 14; Nederland, Amsterdam: Roompotstraat 2-I; Loosdrecht: C 8 Rood; Amsterdam: Brossenburgplein 17-I; Israël, Haifa.</p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2><em>Footnotes</em></h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"http://data.synagoge-eisleben.de/gen/fg01/fg01_073.html\">http://data.synagoge-eisleben.de/gen/fg01/fg01_073.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"pu4kh\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>In 1939 telde de synagoge 108 leden, slechts 2 leden hebben de Holocaust overleefd. Zie <a href=\"https://synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Das_Gedenkbuch.html\">https://synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Das_Gedenkbuch.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022). Voor persoonlijke verslagen over deze nacht in Eisleben zie ook: <a href=\"https://www.mz.de/lokal/hettstedt/reichspogromnacht-1938-erinnerung-an-die-verbrechen-des-nationalsozialismus-in-mansfeld-sudharz-1501118\">https://www.mz.de/lokal/hettstedt/reichspogromnacht-1938-erinnerung-an-die-verbrechen-des-nationalsozialismus-in-mansfeld-sudharz-1501118</a></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kndy5\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Vader Erich Rosenthal stond vanaf 16 januari 1939 ingeschreven op de Prinsengracht 356-hs in Amsterdam. Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98517a9d-270d-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7?person=98517a9d-270e-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7\">https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98517a9d-270d-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7?person=98517a9d-270e-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"idu7d\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, DIenst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Flora Barnett, <a href=\"https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98533418-4fe8-56a3-e053-b784100ade19?person=98533418-4fe9-56a3-e053-b784100ade19\">https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98533418-4fe8-56a3-e053-b784100ade19?person=98533418-4fe9-56a3-e053-b784100ade19</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"zcdlk\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Waarschijnlijk woonde ze net als de andere leden in dit huis, zonder haar ouders. Op de kaart in het archief van Arolsen staat het adres in Loosdrecht als haar woonadres genoteerd. Arolsen Archives - International Center on Nazi Persecution, Bad Oarolsen: Kaart Margot Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, Kibbotes Lohamei Hagetaot, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, Verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.; <a href=\"https://www.joodsamsterdam.nl/loosdrecht/\">https://www.joodsamsterdam.nl/loosdrecht/</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022). Haar lidmaatschap wordt ook bevestigd door de foto voor het huis: <a href=\"https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/museum_photos/westerweel.asp\">https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/museum_photos/westerweel.asp</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xsenh\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Frans Gerritsen werd door Yad Vashem benoemd tot <em>Righteous Among the Nations</em> <a href=\"https://righteous.yadvashem.org/?search=Frans%20Gerritsen&searchType=righteous_only&language=en&itemId=4014994&ind=0\">https://righteous.yadvashem.org/?search=Frans%20Gerritsen&searchType=righteous_only&language=en&itemId=4014994&ind=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-3\">c</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-4\">d</a> </sup><cite>Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bv25b\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Vught-kaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402166?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2139574&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402166?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2139574&p=0</a> (31-10-2022); Vught-kaart Flora Barnett, Arolsen Archives, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402171?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2139576&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402171?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2139576&p=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kyoyq\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Kaart Erich Rosenthal, Arolsen Archives, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365683?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365683?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Kaart Flora Barnett, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365696?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2575048&p=1\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365696?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2575048&p=1</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"v6b74\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives: Theresienstadt transportkaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/5116567?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2547205&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/5116567?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2547205&p=0</a> (31-10-2022); <a href=\"https://www.synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Plan_08.html\">https://www.synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Plan_08.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-3\">c</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-4\">d</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives: Kaart Margot Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Getuigenarchief, Blitz, Nanette: brief Nanette Blitz aan Otto Frank, 31 oktober 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"p7eug\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://www.annefrank.org/nl/timeline/166/bergen-belsen-wordt-bevrijd/\">https://www.annefrank.org/nl/timeline/166/bergen-belsen-wordt-bevrijd/</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://westerborkportretten.nl/bevrijdingsportretten/gideon-drach\">https://westerborkportretten.nl/bevrijdingsportretten/gideon-drach</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6n6j8\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://data.jck.nl/page/aggregation/jhm-documenten/D020718\">https://data.jck.nl/page/aggregation/jhm-documenten/D020718</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jcnjp\" id=\"footnote-16\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-16-1\">^</a> </sup><cite><a href=\"https://www.geni.com/people/MARGALIT-DRACH/6000000013260083641\">https://www.geni.com/people/MARGALIT-DRACH/6000000013260083641</a> (geraadpleegd 17 november 2022)</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>",
"content_en": "<p>Margot Rosenthal was born on <strong>23 August 1925</strong> in the German town of Eisleben.<sup data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> There she lived with her father Erich Rosenthal (1886-1944) and mother Flora (Flori) Rosenthal-Barnett (1903-1944) at Lutherstrasse 14. Her parents had taken over the menswear shop of her grandmother Bertha Rosenthal-Wollstein (1855-1915) at the address and lived upstairs.<sup data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> In <strong>1938</strong>, the shop and house were destroyed during the November pogrom. The synagogue a few houses away, at Lutherstrasse 25, was also set on fire and destroyed by members of the SA and SS.<sup data-footnote-id=\"pu4kh\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In January <strong>1939</strong>, the family fled to the Netherlands and came to live in Amsterdam.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kndy5\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> From <strong>22 November 1939</strong>, the Rosenthal family was registered at Roompotstraat 2-I in Amsterdam-Zuid.<sup data-footnote-id=\"idu7d\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot became part of a Zionist youth movement that had a 'youth aliyah' house at the Pavilion Loosdrechtsche Rade in Loosdrecht.<sup data-footnote-id=\"zcdlk\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>In mid-August 1942,</strong> the youth movement was warned that the Pavilion would be emptied and members went into hiding through contacts with the Westerweel group. Margot had also been in hiding since then, with Frans Gerritsen and Henny de Haan in Haarlem, among others.<sup data-footnote-id=\"xsenh\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> She received fake papers through the resistance and was given the alias Maria Rietman.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Her parents were taken from Amsterdam to Camp Vught on <strong>10 March 1943</strong>. A day later, on <strong>11 March 1943</strong>, they arrived at Camp Westerbork.<sup data-footnote-id=\"bv25b\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup> From there, they were transported to Theresienstadt on <strong>21 April 1943</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"kyoyq\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Six months later, on <strong>9 October 1944</strong>, they were put on a transport to Auschwitz. There, Erich and Flora Rosenthal were murdered in the gas chamber immediately upon arrival on <strong>11 October 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"v6b74\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Hiding and imprisonment</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot reportedly went into hiding at 25 addresses until she was arrested in<strong> June 1944</strong>. Via the headquarters of the <em>Sicherhietsdienst</em> on Euterpestraat in Amsterdam and the Detention Centre on Weteringschans, she finally arrived in Camp Westerbork on <strong>27 June 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> Like the people from the Secret Annex, Margot was put in punishment hut 67. In the camp, she had to perform forced labour in battery recycling.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> In Westerbork, she met the Frank family and became good friends with Anne.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>3 September 1944</strong>, Margot Rosenthal, like the Frank family, was transported to Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp. After arrival, she was in the same hut as Anne, Margot and Edith Frank in Auschwitz-Birkenau for a time. Also in Auschwitz-Birkenau, Margot had to perform forced labour by collecting potatoes from a train and then pulling them to the camp with wagons (instead of horses). After four months in Auschwitz-Birkenau, Margot was selected for Bergen-Belsen camp in <strong>January 1945</strong>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>At Bergen-Belsen, Margot Rosenthal was not in the same hut as the Frank sisters, but did meet them. She told them that their mother Edith had survived the selection on<strong> 30 October 1944</strong> <sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> and told Anne and Margot this.<sup data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup> Shortly after Margot Frank died, she saw Anne again.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>After the war, Nanette Blitz (1929) was in hospital next to Margot Rosenthal and briefly described in a letter to Otto Frank the meeting between Margot Rosenthal and Anne and Margot Frank in Bergen-Belsen:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Perhaps you can remember Margot Drach-Rosenthal from Westerbork, who spent quite a lot of time with Anne? <em>She is lying here next to me and told me the following: 'She went together with your wife and children to Birkenau where they stayed together until November. Then Margot and Anne were sent to Bergen-Belsen, where they arrived on 3 Nov. There I met them (a girl who is also a patient here was above them). I was not in their hut but visited them often. Meanwhile, Margot (called Monika) Rosenthal arrived in Bergen-Belsen in January and told them that she had spoken to your wife in Birkenau which cheered them up very much, because they had had little hope regarding the selection.'</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p>Margot Rosenthal did not know at the time that Edith had died on <strong>6 January 1945 </strong>.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Liberation</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>15 April 1945</strong>, Margot was liberated from Bergen-Belsen.<sup data-footnote-id=\"p7eug\"><a href=\"#footnote-13\" id=\"footnote-marker-13-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[13]</a></sup> She weighed only 25 kg at the time and was reportedly taken out of the camp in a Red Cross helicopter.<sup data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-4\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> She arrived in the Netherlands in <strong>June 1945</strong> and spent two weeks in the 'death ward' of the Emma Emergency Hospital in Eindhoven.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-4\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> She was later transferred to the Provincial Hospital in Santpoort, where she was on the same ward as Nanette Blitz, among others.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>autumn 1947</strong>, Margot married Gideon (Thomas) Drach (1916-1990) whom she had met during the war as a member of the Westerweel group.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup> Soon after, the couple decided to apply for emigration to Palestine on <strong>13 November 1947</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"6n6j8\"><a href=\"#footnote-15\" id=\"footnote-marker-15-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[15]</a></sup> Like her husband, Margot then decided to adopt a different name and has been called Margalit ever since.<sup data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\"><a href=\"#footnote-14\" id=\"footnote-marker-14-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[14]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>24 January 1957,</strong> she wrote a letter to Otto Frank to inquire how he was doing and whether they could meet.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>She died on <strong>25 April 2017</strong> in Haifa, Israel, at the age of 91.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jcnjp\"><a href=\"#footnote-16\" id=\"footnote-marker-16-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[16]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Addresses</em>: Germany, Eisleben: Lutherstrasse 14; Netherlands, Amsterdam: Roompotstraat 2-I; Loosdrecht: C 8 Rood; Amsterdam: Brossenburgplein 17-I; Israel, Haifa.</p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2><em>Footnotes</em></h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"uqfly\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"http://data.synagoge-eisleben.de/gen/fg01/fg01_073.html\">http://data.synagoge-eisleben.de/gen/fg01/fg01_073.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"pu4kh\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>In 1939 telde de synagoge 108 leden, slechts 2 leden hebben de Holocaust overleefd. Zie <a href=\"https://synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Das_Gedenkbuch.html\">https://synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Das_Gedenkbuch.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022). Voor persoonlijke verslagen over deze nacht in Eisleben zie ook: <a href=\"https://www.mz.de/lokal/hettstedt/reichspogromnacht-1938-erinnerung-an-die-verbrechen-des-nationalsozialismus-in-mansfeld-sudharz-1501118\">https://www.mz.de/lokal/hettstedt/reichspogromnacht-1938-erinnerung-an-die-verbrechen-des-nationalsozialismus-in-mansfeld-sudharz-1501118</a></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kndy5\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Vader Erich Rosenthal stond vanaf 16 januari 1939 ingeschreven op de Prinsengracht 356-hs in Amsterdam. Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98517a9d-270d-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7?person=98517a9d-270e-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7\">https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98517a9d-270d-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7?person=98517a9d-270e-3112-e053-b784100aeeb7</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"idu7d\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, DIenst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Flora Barnett, <a href=\"https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98533418-4fe8-56a3-e053-b784100ade19?person=98533418-4fe9-56a3-e053-b784100ade19\">https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98533418-4fe8-56a3-e053-b784100ade19?person=98533418-4fe9-56a3-e053-b784100ade19</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"zcdlk\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Waarschijnlijk woonde ze net als de andere leden in dit huis, zonder haar ouders. Op de kaart in het archief van Arolsen staat het adres in Loosdrecht als haar woonadres genoteerd. Arolsen Archives - International Center on Nazi Persecution, Bad Oarolsen: Kaart Margot Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, Kibbotes Lohamei Hagetaot, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, Verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.; <a href=\"https://www.joodsamsterdam.nl/loosdrecht/\">https://www.joodsamsterdam.nl/loosdrecht/</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022). Haar lidmaatschap wordt ook bevestigd door de foto voor het huis: <a href=\"https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/museum_photos/westerweel.asp\">https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/museum_photos/westerweel.asp</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xsenh\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Frans Gerritsen werd door Yad Vashem benoemd tot <em>Righteous Among the Nations</em> <a href=\"https://righteous.yadvashem.org/?search=Frans%20Gerritsen&searchType=righteous_only&language=en&itemId=4014994&ind=0\">https://righteous.yadvashem.org/?search=Frans%20Gerritsen&searchType=righteous_only&language=en&itemId=4014994&ind=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"qko5g\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-3\">c</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-4\">d</a> </sup><cite>Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"bv25b\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Vught-kaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402166?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2139574&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402166?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2139574&p=0</a> (31-10-2022); Vught-kaart Flora Barnett, Arolsen Archives, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402171?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2139576&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/402171?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2139576&p=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kyoyq\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Kaart Erich Rosenthal, Arolsen Archives, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365683?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365683?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=0</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Kaart Flora Barnett, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365696?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2575048&p=1\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365696?s=Flora%20Barnett&t=2575048&p=1</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"v6b74\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives: Theresienstadt transportkaart Erich Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/5116567?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2547205&p=0\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/5116567?s=Erich%20Rosenthal&t=2547205&p=0</a> (31-10-2022); <a href=\"https://www.synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Plan_08.html\">https://www.synagoge-eisleben.de/start/Plan_08.html</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r9umy\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-3\">c</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-4\">d</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives: Kaart Margot Rosenthal, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/person/130365774?s=Margot%20Rosenthal&t=2575048&p=5</a> (geraadpleegd 31 oktober 2022); Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, cat.nr. 195, inv.nr. 11723rm, Hol, verklaring Margot Drach-Rosenthal, z.d.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"0vzg1\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Getuigenarchief, Blitz, Nanette: brief Nanette Blitz aan Otto Frank, 31 oktober 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"p7eug\" id=\"footnote-13\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-13-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://www.annefrank.org/nl/timeline/166/bergen-belsen-wordt-bevrijd/\">https://www.annefrank.org/nl/timeline/166/bergen-belsen-wordt-bevrijd/</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"rxxie\" id=\"footnote-14\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-14-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://westerborkportretten.nl/bevrijdingsportretten/gideon-drach\">https://westerborkportretten.nl/bevrijdingsportretten/gideon-drach</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6n6j8\" id=\"footnote-15\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-15-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie <a href=\"https://data.jck.nl/page/aggregation/jhm-documenten/D020718\">https://data.jck.nl/page/aggregation/jhm-documenten/D020718</a> (geraadpleegd 2 november 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jcnjp\" id=\"footnote-16\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-16-1\">^</a> </sup><cite><a href=\"https://www.geni.com/people/MARGALIT-DRACH/6000000013260083641\">https://www.geni.com/people/MARGALIT-DRACH/6000000013260083641</a> (geraadpleegd 17 november 2022)</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>",
"birth_date": "1925-08-23",
"death_date": "2017-04-25",
"gender": "female",
"birth_place": "Eisleben",
"birth_country": "Duitsland",
"death_place": "Haifa",
"death_country": "Israël",
"summary": "Margot Rosenthal befriended Anne Frank in Camp Westerbork. Together with Anne, Margot and Edith, she was imprisoned in Auschwitz-Birkenau for several months. In early 1945, she met Anne and Margot Frank again in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.",
"summary_nl": "Margot Rosenthal raakte bevriend met Anne Frank in Kamp Westerbork. Samen met Anne, Margot en Edith zat ze een aantal maanden in Auschwitz-Birkenau gevangen. Begin 1945 komt ze Anne en Margot Frank opnieuw tegen in concentratiekamp Bergen-Belsen.",
"summary_en": "Margot Rosenthal befriended Anne Frank in Camp Westerbork. Together with Anne, Margot and Edith, she was imprisoned in Auschwitz-Birkenau for several months. In early 1945, she met Anne and Margot Frank again in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.",
"same_as": null,
"files": []
}