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{
"id": 2518,
"image": null,
"pictures": [],
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/personen/bf160a80-d231-4969-9ad5-f1759c7c4b70/",
"subjects": [
"https://research.annefrank.org/en/api/subjects/3684c3f2-ba86-43cb-a9ed-73e6ec6c6189?format=api"
],
"published": true,
"uuid": "bf160a80-d231-4969-9ad5-f1759c7c4b70",
"first_name": "Rebecca",
"last_name": "Brommet - Ritmeester",
"infix": "",
"title": "Rebecca Brommet - Ritmeester",
"title_nl": "Rebecca Brommet - Ritmeester",
"title_en": "Rebecca Brommet - Ritmeester",
"content": "<p>After two years in hiding, the Brommet family was betrayed by two notorious SD infiltrators: married couple Jeanne Valkenburg<sup data-footnote-id=\"kd1ja\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> and Joop Bom. The couple said they could transfer the family to Switzerland on payment of thousands of guilders. But after paying 15,000 guilders, there was no trace of the couple and instead, on <strong>29 June 1944,</strong> an SD raid took place in which the Brommet family was arrested.<sup data-footnote-id=\"zeewt\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>1 July 1944</strong>, Rebecca arrived at Camp Westerbork with her husband Joël and daughter Frieda. A month later, the Frank family was also brought in there and they met in the staff barracks. The Brommet family and the Frank family lived close to each other before going into hiding and knew each other from the neighbourhood.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jzzyi\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> Like the Frank women, Rebecca was put to work on the batteries with her daughter Frieda.<sup data-footnote-id=\"j7rnl\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On 3 September 1944, Rebecca and her daughter were transported to Auschwitz. The Frank family was also put on this transport. Upon arrival at Auschwitz on 6 September 1944, the men and women were separated. Rebecca wrote to her brother in 1945:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'We were separated from the men. Jo still flew at me to kiss me. It was unfortunately for the last time.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"ri4bo\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p>Rebecca was given the number A25079 on arrival, daughter Frieda A25080. Like the women Frank, Rebecca and Frieda then ended up in <em>Frauenblock </em>29. Soon daughter Frieda contracted scarlet fever and ended up in the <em>Krätzeblock</em>. There she met the Frank sisters, who were already in the <em>Krätzeblock</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"27kma\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Conditions in the <em>Krätzeblock </em>were poor. To help their daughters, Rebecca and Edith Frank, helped by Lenie de Jong-van Naarden, dug a hole somewhere along the side of the hut to give food to the children.<sup data-footnote-id=\"1tr5b\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> Daughter Frieda recalled how she got extra food through the hole:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'And during that period when Ronnie [van Cleef] and I were there together, my mother and Mrs Frank, Edith, formed a kind of couple. Because together they stole things they ... They dug a hole together. (...) One day my mother came and she could also speak through that hole, and she said, she would shout, 'Frieda! Frieda!' [...] And said: 'Mrs Frank and I are the only ones left in the camp now. We have been hiding because the group has been put on a transport. But we hid because we wanted to stay with you. And we stole some bread and I am giving it to you now through the hole and you have to share it between the four of you.' And that four was with Margot and Anne (...).<sup data-footnote-id=\"2i0sb\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>At the end of October</strong>, Ronnie van Cleef and sister Frank were discharged from the <em>Krätzeblock</em>. Frieda Brommet remained alone in the <em>Krätzeblock</em>, but when Rebecca also fell ill, mother and daughter were reunited. As they both suffered from <em>Durchfall</em> (diarrhoea), they were transferred to the special <em>Durchfall-lager. </em>There Rebecca improved slightly, but her daughter got sicker and sicker. When the Germans evacuated the camp in January 1945 because of the approaching Allied troops, mother and daughter were actually supposed to join the death march, but because of sick Frieda, they were eventually left together in the sick barracks. There they were liberated by the Soviet army in late <strong>January 1945</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"h563g\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Frieda recounted after the war:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Alone I would not have survived. Alone you couldn't have survived. My mother helped me survive physically, and I helped her survive mentally. (...)'<sup data-footnote-id=\"9uavh\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Source personal data</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"tetmd\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> <em>Addresses</em>: Amsterdam, Amstellaan 74-I (8 Dec 1942); Henry Polaklaan 8-10 (May 1945); Henry Polaklaan 27II (24 Mar 1947); Brooklyn (USA), 423 street 83 (10 Apr 1947); Amsterdam, Louise de Colignystraat 29I (22 July 1960); Bussum, Ceintuurbaan 281 (26 Sept 1979).<sup data-footnote-id=\"942wp\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kd1ja\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Voor Valkenburg, zie: Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriana_Valkenburg\" target=\"_blank\">Adriana Valkenburg</a>; Marie-Cécile van Hintum, <a href=\"https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Valkenburg\" target=\"_blank\">Valkenburg, Adriana</a>, in: <em>Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland.</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"zeewt\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Ad van Liempt, <em>Frieda. Verslag van een gelijmd leven. Herinneringen aan kamp Westerbork, </em>Hooghalen: Herinneringscentrum Kamp Westerbork, 2007, p. 35-38; <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/600848/verraad\">https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/600848/verraad</a> (geraadpleegd 2 augustus 2022). </cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jzzyi\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda,</em> p. 45-46.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"j7rnl\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 51.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ri4bo\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Geciteerd in Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 56.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"27kma\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 57, 60.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1tr5b\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Getuigenarchief, interview Frieda Menco-Brommet, 12 februari 2010.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2i0sb\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief, De getuigenissen hierover van Frieda Menco-Brommet, Ronnie Goldstein-van Cleef en Lenie de Jong-van Naarden hebben allemaal dezelfde strekking en wijken slechts in enkele kleine details van elkaar af.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"h563g\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 63-69.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"9uavh\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p.66.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"tetmd\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Rebecca Ritmeester; <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/327284/rebecca-brommet-ritmeester\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/327284/rebecca-brommet-ritmeester</a> (geraadpleegd 30 augustus 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"942wp\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Rebecca Ritmeester.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>",
"content_nl": "<p>Na twee jaar onderduik werd de familie Brommet verraden door twee beruchte infiltranten van de SD: het echtpaar Jeanne Valkenburg<sup data-footnote-id=\"dxv91\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> en Joop Bom. Het echtpaar zei tegen betaling van duizenden guldens de familie naar Zwitserland over te kunnen brengen. Maar na het betalen van 15.000 gulden was er geen spoor meer van het echtpaar te bekennen en in plaats daarvan vond op <strong>29 juni 1944</strong> een inval van de SD plaats waarbij de familie Brommet werd gearresteerd.<sup data-footnote-id=\"zeewt\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>1 juli 1944</strong> kwam Rebecca samen met haar man Joël en dochter Frieda aan in kamp Westerbork. Een maand later werd ook de familie Frank daar binnen gebracht en ontmoetten ze elkaar in de stafbarak. De familie Brommet en de familie Frank woonden voor de onderduik dichtbij elkaar en kenden elkaar uit de buurt.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jzzyi\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> Net als de vrouwen Frank kwam Rebecca met haar dochter Frieda bij de batterijen te werken.<sup data-footnote-id=\"j7rnl\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Op 3 september 1944 werd Rebecca samen met haar dochter op transport gesteld naar Auschwitz. Ook de familie Frank moest met dit transport mee. Bij aankomst in Auschwitz op 6 september 1944 werden de mannen en vrouwen van elkaar gescheiden. Rebecca schreef in 1945 aan haar broer: </p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Wij werden van de mannen gescheiden. Jo vloog nog op mij af om mij te zoenen. Het was helaas voor het laatst.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"ri4bo\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p>Rebecca kreeg bij aankomst het nummer A25079, dochter Frieda A25080. Net als de vrouwen Frank kwamen Rebecca en Frieda vervolgens in het Frauenblock 29 terecht. Al snel kreeg dochter Frieda roodvonk en belandde ze in het Krätzeblock. Daar kwam ze de zusjes Frank tegen, die al eerder in het Krätzeblock terecht waren gekomen.<sup data-footnote-id=\"27kma\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>De omstandigheden in het Krätzeblock waren slecht. Om hun dochters te helpen groeven Rebecca en Edith Frank, geholpen door Lenie de Jong-van Naarden, ergens aan de zijkant van de barak een gat om eten aan de kinderen te kunnen geven.<sup data-footnote-id=\"1tr5b\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> Dochter Frieda herinnerde zich hoe zij door het gat extra eten kreeg:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'En in die periode dat Ronnie [van Cleef] en ik daar samen waren is het zo dat mijn moeder en mevrouw Frank, Edith, een soort koppel vormden. Omdat zij samen dingen hebben gestolen die ze… Ze hebben samen een gat gegraven. (…) op een dag kwam mijn moeder en die kon ook spreken door dat gat, en die zei, die riep dan: ‘Frieda! Frieda!’ […] En zei: ‘Mevrouw Frank en ik zijn de enigen die nu hier in het kamp zijn. We hebben ons verstopt want de groep is op transport gegaan. Maar wij hebben ons verstopt, want we wilden bij jullie blijven. En we hebben wat brood gestolen en dat geef ik nu aan door het gat en dat moeten jullie maar met z’n vieren delen.’ En met z’n vieren was met Margot en Anne. (…).<sup data-footnote-id=\"2i0sb\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Eind oktober</strong> werden Ronnie van Cleef en de zusje Frank uit het Krätzeblock ontslagen. Frieda Brommet bleef alleen in het Krätzeblock, maar toen Rebecca ook ziek werd, werden moeder en dochter weer herenigd. Omdat ze beiden aan <em>D</em><em>urchfall</em> (diarree) lijden werden ze overgebracht naar het speciale <em>Durchfall-lager. </em>Daar werd Rebecca iets beter, maar haar dochter steeds zieker. Toen de Duitsers in januari 1945 het kamp ontruimden vanwege de naderende geallieerde troepen, moesten moeder en dochter eigenlijk mee op dodenmars, maar door de zieke Frieda bleven ze uiteindelijk samen achter in de ziekenbarak. Daar werden ze eind <strong>januari 1945</strong> door het Sovjetleger bevrijd.<sup data-footnote-id=\"h563g\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Frieda vertelde na de oorlog: </p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Alleen had ik het niet overleefd. Alleen kón je het niet overleven. Mijn moeder heeft mij fysiek helpen overleven, en ik heb haar mentaal laten overleven. (...)'<sup data-footnote-id=\"9uavh\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup> </blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Bron persoonsgegevens</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"tetmd\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> <em>Adressen</em>: Amsterdam, Amstellaan 74-I (8 dec 1942); Henry Polaklaan 8-10 (mei 1945); Henry Polaklaan 27II (24 mrt 1947); Brooklyn (Verenigde Staten), 423 street 83 (10 apr 1947); Amsterdam, Louise de Colignystraat 29I (22 juli 1960); Bussum, Ceintuurbaan 281 (26 sept 1979).<sup data-footnote-id=\"942wp\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"dxv91\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Voor Valkenburg, zie: Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriana_Valkenburg\" target=\"_blank\">Adriana Valkenburg</a>; Marie-Cécile van Hintum, <a href=\"https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Valkenburg\" target=\"_blank\">Valkenburg, Adriana</a>, in: <em>Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland.</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"zeewt\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Ad van Liempt, <em>Frieda. Verslag van een gelijmd leven. Herinneringen aan kamp Westerbork, </em>Hooghalen: Herinneringscentrum Kamp Westerbork, 2007, p. 35-38; <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/600848/verraad\">https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/600848/verraad</a> (geraadpleegd 2 augustus 2022). </cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jzzyi\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda,</em> p. 45-46.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"j7rnl\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 51.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ri4bo\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Geciteerd in Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 56.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"27kma\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 57, 60.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1tr5b\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Getuigenarchief, interview Frieda Menco-Brommet, 12 februari 2010.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2i0sb\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief, De getuigenissen hierover van Frieda Menco-Brommet, Ronnie Goldstein-van Cleef en Lenie de Jong-van Naarden hebben allemaal dezelfde strekking en wijken slechts in enkele kleine details van elkaar af.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"h563g\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 63-69.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"9uavh\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p.66.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"tetmd\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Rebecca Ritmeester; <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/327284/rebecca-brommet-ritmeester\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/327284/rebecca-brommet-ritmeester</a> (geraadpleegd 30 augustus 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"942wp\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Rebecca Ritmeester.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>",
"content_en": "<p>After two years in hiding, the Brommet family was betrayed by two notorious SD infiltrators: married couple Jeanne Valkenburg<sup data-footnote-id=\"kd1ja\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> and Joop Bom. The couple said they could transfer the family to Switzerland on payment of thousands of guilders. But after paying 15,000 guilders, there was no trace of the couple and instead, on <strong>29 June 1944,</strong> an SD raid took place in which the Brommet family was arrested.<sup data-footnote-id=\"zeewt\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>1 July 1944</strong>, Rebecca arrived at Camp Westerbork with her husband Joël and daughter Frieda. A month later, the Frank family was also brought in there and they met in the staff barracks. The Brommet family and the Frank family lived close to each other before going into hiding and knew each other from the neighbourhood.<sup data-footnote-id=\"jzzyi\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> Like the Frank women, Rebecca was put to work on the batteries with her daughter Frieda.<sup data-footnote-id=\"j7rnl\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On 3 September 1944, Rebecca and her daughter were transported to Auschwitz. The Frank family was also put on this transport. Upon arrival at Auschwitz on 6 September 1944, the men and women were separated. Rebecca wrote to her brother in 1945:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'We were separated from the men. Jo still flew at me to kiss me. It was unfortunately for the last time.'<sup data-footnote-id=\"ri4bo\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p>Rebecca was given the number A25079 on arrival, daughter Frieda A25080. Like the women Frank, Rebecca and Frieda then ended up in <em>Frauenblock </em>29. Soon daughter Frieda contracted scarlet fever and ended up in the <em>Krätzeblock</em>. There she met the Frank sisters, who were already in the <em>Krätzeblock</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"27kma\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Conditions in the <em>Krätzeblock </em>were poor. To help their daughters, Rebecca and Edith Frank, helped by Lenie de Jong-van Naarden, dug a hole somewhere along the side of the hut to give food to the children.<sup data-footnote-id=\"1tr5b\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup> Daughter Frieda recalled how she got extra food through the hole:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'And during that period when Ronnie [van Cleef] and I were there together, my mother and Mrs Frank, Edith, formed a kind of couple. Because together they stole things they ... They dug a hole together. (...) One day my mother came and she could also speak through that hole, and she said, she would shout, 'Frieda! Frieda!' [...] And said: 'Mrs Frank and I are the only ones left in the camp now. We have been hiding because the group has been put on a transport. But we hid because we wanted to stay with you. And we stole some bread and I am giving it to you now through the hole and you have to share it between the four of you.' And that four was with Margot and Anne (...).<sup data-footnote-id=\"2i0sb\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>At the end of October</strong>, Ronnie van Cleef and sister Frank were discharged from the <em>Krätzeblock</em>. Frieda Brommet remained alone in the <em>Krätzeblock</em>, but when Rebecca also fell ill, mother and daughter were reunited. As they both suffered from <em>Durchfall</em> (diarrhoea), they were transferred to the special <em>Durchfall-lager. </em>There Rebecca improved slightly, but her daughter got sicker and sicker. When the Germans evacuated the camp in January 1945 because of the approaching Allied troops, mother and daughter were actually supposed to join the death march, but because of sick Frieda, they were eventually left together in the sick barracks. There they were liberated by the Soviet army in late <strong>January 1945</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"h563g\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup> Frieda recounted after the war:</p>\r\n\r\n<blockquote>'Alone I would not have survived. Alone you couldn't have survived. My mother helped me survive physically, and I helped her survive mentally. (...)'<sup data-footnote-id=\"9uavh\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></blockquote>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Source personal data</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"tetmd\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup> <em>Addresses</em>: Amsterdam, Amstellaan 74-I (8 Dec 1942); Henry Polaklaan 8-10 (May 1945); Henry Polaklaan 27II (24 Mar 1947); Brooklyn (USA), 423 street 83 (10 Apr 1947); Amsterdam, Louise de Colignystraat 29I (22 July 1960); Bussum, Ceintuurbaan 281 (26 Sept 1979).<sup data-footnote-id=\"942wp\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"kd1ja\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Voor Valkenburg, zie: Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriana_Valkenburg\" target=\"_blank\">Adriana Valkenburg</a>; Marie-Cécile van Hintum, <a href=\"https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Valkenburg\" target=\"_blank\">Valkenburg, Adriana</a>, in: <em>Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland.</em></cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"zeewt\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Ad van Liempt, <em>Frieda. Verslag van een gelijmd leven. Herinneringen aan kamp Westerbork, </em>Hooghalen: Herinneringscentrum Kamp Westerbork, 2007, p. 35-38; <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/600848/verraad\">https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/600848/verraad</a> (geraadpleegd 2 augustus 2022). </cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"jzzyi\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda,</em> p. 45-46.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"j7rnl\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 51.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ri4bo\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Geciteerd in Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 56.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"27kma\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 57, 60.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"1tr5b\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Getuigenarchief, interview Frieda Menco-Brommet, 12 februari 2010.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2i0sb\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, Getuigenarchief, De getuigenissen hierover van Frieda Menco-Brommet, Ronnie Goldstein-van Cleef en Lenie de Jong-van Naarden hebben allemaal dezelfde strekking en wijken slechts in enkele kleine details van elkaar af.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"h563g\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p. 63-69.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"9uavh\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Van Liempt, <em>Frieda</em>, p.66.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"tetmd\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Rebecca Ritmeester; <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/327284/rebecca-brommet-ritmeester\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/327284/rebecca-brommet-ritmeester</a> (geraadpleegd 30 augustus 2022).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"942wp\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart Rebecca Ritmeester.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>",
"birth_date": "1897-01-21",
"death_date": "1983-06-03",
"gender": "female",
"birth_place": "Amsterdam",
"birth_country": "Nederland",
"death_place": "Amsterdam",
"death_country": "Nederland",
"summary": "Rebecca Brommet-Ritmeester was the mother of Frieda Brommet, who was with Anne and Margot Frank in Auschwitz-Birkenau's Krätzeblock.",
"summary_nl": "Rebecca Brommet-Ritmeester was de moeder van Frieda Brommet, die met Anne en Margot Frank in het Krätzeblock van Auschwitz-Birkenau lag.",
"summary_en": "Rebecca Brommet-Ritmeester was the mother of Frieda Brommet, who was with Anne and Margot Frank in Auschwitz-Birkenau's Krätzeblock.",
"same_as": null,
"files": []
}