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Caroline Holländer

Caroline Holländer was an aunt of Edith Frank-Holländer.

Person

Fotograaf: Wilhelm Preim, Fotocollectie Anne Frank Stichting
  • Caroline Holländer
  • Born on: Feb. 28, 1869
  • Born in: Eschweiler, Duitsland
  • Died in: Treblinka

Caroline Holländer op de bruiloft van Otto Frank en Edith Holländer, 8 mei 1925

Fotograaf: Wilhelm Preim, Fotocollectie Anne Frank Stichting

Rechthebbende(n) onbekend

Caroline (Lina, Karoline) Holländer was a daughter of Benjamin Holländer (1830-1924) and Sara Bertha Menken (1832-1910).[1] She was a sister of Abraham Holländer, therefore an aunt of Edith. Caroline Holländer was married to her cousin Joseph (Josef) Holländer, a son of Moises Holländer, who was  a brother of Edith's grandfather Benjamin.[2] Some speculated that this marriage between cousin may have had economic reasons. Lina allegedly married her cousin Josef because Moises Holländer was a guarantor for his brother-in-law Benjamin when his large and well-insured business burned down.[3] But Lina and Joseph married in 1895, while the great fire dit not occur until 1900.[4]

Lina and Joseph Holländer first lived in the Burgstraße in Eschweiler-Röthgen, where their six children - Irma, Erich, Henriette, Dina, Eugen and Elsbeth - were born.[5] Around 1905 the family moved to Aachen. Irma and Elsbeth were two of the cousins Edith went to school with in Aachen and played tennis with as a youg woman.[6] Irma and Dina, were among the guest at the wedding of Otto Frank and Edith Holländer op 8 mei 1925, as was their mother Lina.[7]

Lina and Joseph lived in the Mozartstraße in Aachen until Joseph's death by suicide in 1935.[8] She then moved to the Roonstraße.[9] On 15 September 1938, she moved to the Jewish retirement home at the, at that time, Horst-Wessel-Straße (now Kalverbenden 87) in Aachen. Almost four years later, on 25 July 1942, all the residents who still lived there were forced to leave. They were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto. On 26 September 1942, Lina Holländer, along with 2003 other, mostly elderly and sick Jewish women and men, was transported from Theresienstadt to Treblinka extermination camp, where she was murdered, probably immediately upon arrival.[10]

Joseph Holländer had a similar business as his father and uncle Benjamin.[11] Following his death in 1935, the firm passed to his eldest son Erich, who would start his own company in 1937 in Heerlen, NV IJzerwerk (Ironworks Ltd.). He survived the German occupation at various hiding addresses in the Netherlands. Eldest daughter Irma and husband Julius Würzburger managed to escape to England with their two children, Dorothee and Franz, in the late 1930s and emigrated to the United States after the war. Daughter Dina, who later called herself Ilse, emigrated to New York with her husband Otto Wallerstein and their three children in 1938. Youngest son Eugen and his wife Anne Berta Rosenberg also found refuge to the U.S.,[3] followed by Henriette, who would call herself Teddy, and her husband Otto David.[12] Youngest daughter Elsbeth died by suicide in 1931, leaving her husband Walter Strauss with two daughters.[13]

Source personal data.[1]

Footnotes

  1. a, b Familienbuch Euregio: Caroline Holländer.
  2. ^ Familienbuch Euregio: Moises Holländer.
  3. a, b Juden in Eschweiler, Aachen gedenkt Lina Holländer aus Eschweiler, 19 juni  2016 
  4. ^ Holger A. Dux, 'Zur Geschichte der Vorfahren der Anne Frank in Aachen', in: Winfried Casteel & Yvonne Hugot-Zgodda (Red.), Beiträge zur Geschichte des Nationalsozialismus in Aachen, Aachen: Volkshochschule Aachen, 2012, p. 3.6/4.
  5. ^ Familienbuch Euregio: Caroline Holländer. Irma and Henriette are not listed there as daughters of Caroline and Joseph, but they are on FamilySearch: Irma Hollaender.
  6. ^ Melissa Müller, Anne Frank: de biografie, 5e geh. herz. dr., Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 2013, p. 65; A photo exists of Edith, Dina and Elsbeth holding tennis rackets: Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_FamilieledenFrank_III_089.
  7. ^ Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_FamilieledenFrank_III_098: Foto van de huwelijksdag van Otto Frank en Edith Holländer, 12 mei 1925.
  8. ^ On 2 October 1935 Dora wrote to her daughter Ruth: 'Heute Nachmittag war ich also auf dem Friedhof. Herr Herz machte mir selbst auf, und sagte, ich hätte Glück gehabt, es würde jetzt immer um 4 Uhr geschlossen, aber eben sei eine Leiche gekommen. Auf meine Frage erfuhr ich dann, dass es Josef Holländer ist, der sich erschossen hat'. Dora Francken, née Heymann, wrote about 700 letters and postcards between 5 January 1934 and 16 May 1939 to her daughter Dr.  Dr. Ruth Francken, who had emigrated to England in December 1933. See: Familienbuch Euregio: Joseph Holländer.
  9. ^ A Stolperstein (stumbling stone) in de Roonstraße commemorates her staying there. Wikipedia: Liste der Stolpersteine in Aachen
  10. ^ Bundesarchiv - Gedenkbuch: Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933 – 1945: Holländer, Lina Karoline.
  11. ^ Joseph also had a brother, named after their uncle Benjamin, who ran a similar business in Stolberg.
  12. ^ In 1940 they lived at a New York address. See: MyHeritage: Otto Israel David, 1886 - 1952.
  13. ^ Melissa Müller, Anne Frank: de biografie, 5e geh. herz. dr., Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 2013, p. 65.