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{
    "id": 2530,
    "image": {
        "id": 1043,
        "uuid": "bb2a1e7e-17c5-4097-9057-1735161d1361",
        "name": "Betje Jakobs.jpg",
        "title": "Betje Zendijk - Jakobs",
        "alt": "Vervaardiger onbekend. Overijssels Archief, Zwolle",
        "url": "",
        "path": "https://research.annefrank.org/media/Betje_Jakobs.jpg",
        "filetype": "image",
        "description": "",
        "author": "De collectie kan worden ingezet voor publiek",
        "copyright": "Geen restricties bekend"
    },
    "pictures": [],
    "url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/personen/4a027cc0-93df-4c11-bd80-af6771e4a005/",
    "subjects": [
        "https://research.annefrank.org/en/api/subjects/3684c3f2-ba86-43cb-a9ed-73e6ec6c6189?format=api",
        "https://research.annefrank.org/en/api/subjects/9a6b6ce9-b049-43c0-b2da-cdd092501d17?format=api"
    ],
    "published": true,
    "uuid": "4a027cc0-93df-4c11-bd80-af6771e4a005",
    "first_name": "Betje",
    "last_name": "Zendijk - Jakobs",
    "infix": "",
    "title": "Betje Jakobs",
    "title_nl": "Betje Zendijk - Jakobs",
    "title_en": "Betje Jakobs",
    "content": "<p>Betje (Betty/Bep) Jakobs was born on <strong>9 June 1922</strong> in Coevorden as the eldest daughter of the Jewish couple Herman Isra&euml;l Jakobs (1896-1945) and Sophie ten Brink (1899-1945). Her sister Minna was born on <strong>18 August 1925</strong>,<sup data-footnote-id=\"aw2ci\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup>&nbsp;a year later on <strong>28 August 1926</strong> her brother Israel.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4pb27\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup>&nbsp;The family lived at Koestraat 25a in Zwolle. .<sup data-footnote-id=\"al2np\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>1942</strong>, the family went into hiding with milkman Dekker in Zwolle for a while. Due to unknown circumstances, the family had to leave there and they eventually went into hiding on Prinses Julianastraat (then Louise de Colignystraat).<sup data-footnote-id=\"0c6og\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup>&nbsp;On <strong>25 August 1944</strong>, Betje was discovered and arrested together with her parents, brother and sister.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup>&nbsp;The family arrived at camp Westerbork via Arnhem and Velp on <strong>29 August 1944</strong>. There they ended up in penal barrack 67, where the people from the Secret Annex were also interned from <strong>8 August 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Auschwitz-Birkenau</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Just like the eight people from the Secret Annex, Betje Jakobs and her family were deported to Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp on <strong>3 September 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup>&nbsp;They arrived there on the night of <strong>5-6 September 1944</strong>. After the selections, where the men and women were separated, registration followed. She got the number A25149 tattooed on her forearm.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In the camp the women had to do pointless forced labor. In <strong>June 1945</strong>, Betje Jakobs told the <em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad</em> about this: &lsquo;Our first job was to carry heavy basalt stones miles away to some construction site, but it was nothing more than bullying, because the next day we had to pick up those heavy pieces of rubble and&nbsp;trudge back again.&rsquo;<sup data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Selections followed around <strong>21 October 1944</strong>, during which she was first separated from her mother and then from her sister. After these selections, the work became harder: &#39;Digging canals and closing them again. Then I got sick, a kind of dysentery.&rsquo;<sup data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup>&nbsp;She ended up in the sick huts and witnessed Edith Frank&#39;s death there. On <strong>2 August 1945</strong>, Betje told the employees of the Dutch Red Cross that she &#39;had seen Mrs. Frank from Amsterdam, where her husband owned the Opekta company, die right there near me.&#39;<sup data-footnote-id=\"3wsqe\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Liberation</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>27 January 1945</strong>, Betje Jakobs was liberated from Auschwitz, but she was more dead than alive. She was sick and weighed only 28 kilos. Initially, she was put on a death list.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ka738\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup>&nbsp;But as she herself said: &#39;The Russians already came to collect my body (...). However, they were a bit too early, because I was still showing signs of life. But it would end soon... And yet... as if by divine miracle I recovered.&#39;<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Betje Jakobs was the only one from the Jakobs family to survive the war. Once back in Zwolle, she stayed with the Bieringa family for a while and tried to get back the items that had been entrusted to a neighbour. However, these appeared to have been sold. On <strong>11 October 1946</strong>, Betje confirmed that she agreed to the settlement of 975 guilders.<sup data-footnote-id=\"vkzrf\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In the <strong>summer of 1953</strong>, Betje Jakobs married David Zendijk (1923-1970).<sup data-footnote-id=\"ozbpl\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup>&nbsp;Together they had two daughters.</p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Source personal data</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"yyvzb\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"aw2ci\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/118816/\" target=\"_blank\">Minna Jakobs</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4pb27\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/118815/\" target=\"_blank\">Isra&euml;l Jakobs</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"al2np\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/38691/koestraat-25-a-zwolle\" target=\"_blank\">Koestraat 25a - Zwolle</a>; Arolsen Archives - International Center on Nazi Persecution, Bad Arolsen: Formulier Volksherstel Betty Jakobs, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/de/search/person/130312178?s=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;t=2574959&amp;p=5\" target=\"_blank\">Document ID 130312178</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"0c6og\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie: Collectie Overijssel: <a href=\"https://collectieoverijssel.nl/collectie/?mivast=20&amp;mizig=343&amp;miadt=141&amp;milang=nl&amp;mizk_alle=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;miview=gal1\" target=\"_blank\">Beeldbank (details beschrijving foto&rsquo;s)</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-3\">c</a> </sup><cite>&#39;In &rsquo;t rijk der levenden teruggekeerd. Zwolsch meisje over het vernietigingskamp Auschwitz&rsquo;,&nbsp;<em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad (Ten Heuvel&rsquo;s Krant)</em>, 23 juni 1945. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD05:000165674:mpeg21:a0008\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Joodsche Raad Kaart Betje Jakobs, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/document/130312177\" target=\"_blank\">Document ID 130312177</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>&#39;In &rsquo;t rijk der levenden teruggekeerd. Zwolsch meisje over het vernietigingskamp Auschwitz&#39;, deel II,&nbsp; <em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad (Ten Heuvel&rsquo;s Krant)</em>, 30 juni 1945. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"http://https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD05:000165675:mpeg21:p001\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3wsqe\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Het Nederlandse Rode Kruis (NRK), Den Haag, toegang 2050, inv.nr. 1267, Verklaring Betje Jakobs, 2 augustus 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ka738\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>De naam van Betty Jakobs komt voor op een dodenlijst die na de bevrijding van het kamp werd opgesteld met als doel &lsquo;<em>Checking of identification of unkown dead</em>.&rsquo; Uit de lijst blijkt dat ze toch nog &lsquo;<em>alive after liberation</em>&rsquo; was. Zie: Arolsen Archives, &lsquo;Evaluation of data on unknown foreign fatalities and unknown fatalities from concentration camps and their grave sites.&rsquo;, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/de/search/person/84611360?s=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;t=222826&amp;p=3\" target=\"_blank\">Reference Co DE ITS 5.3.2 Tote 57</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"vkzrf\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Collectie Overijssel, toegang 0652, inv. 168: &lsquo;Correspondentie betreffende de teruggave van door de familie Jakobs bij een buurman in bewaring gegeven goederen, die blijken te zijn verkocht, 1945 - 1946.&rsquo;.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ozbpl\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>&lsquo;Collectie Overijssel, toegang 0652, inv. 172: Huwelijkskaart Bep Jakobs en D&eacute; Zendijk&rsquo; 30 augustus 1953; &lsquo;Ondertrouw D. Zendijk en B. Jakobs&rsquo;,&nbsp;<em>Nieuwe Haarlemsche courant,</em> 17 juni 1953, Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNHA03:179261064:mpeg21:a00032\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>; &lsquo;Overlijdensadvertentie David Zendijk&rsquo; In:<em> Nieuw Israelietisch weekblad</em>, 27 maart 1970. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010858539:mpeg21:a0074\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yyvzb\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Drents Archief, Assen Drents Archief, Gemeente Coevorden Bevolkingsregister, Deel 18, 1900-1925, Archiefnummer 2001.05, Inventarisnummer 44: <a href=\"https://www.drentsarchief.nl/onderzoeken/genealogie/zoeken/deeds/6b16b214-5e5b-40be-a835-b302919481b6?person=d9521146-7b1f-1cd5-dd46-4a31fb078b7d\" target=\"_blank\">Registratie Betje Jakobs</a>; Overlijdensadvertentie Bep Zendijk-Jakobs&rsquo; in: <em>Nieuw Israelietisch weekblad, </em>29 september 1978. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010860044:mpeg21:a0126\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>",
    "content_nl": "<p>Betje (Betty/Bep) Jakobs werd op <strong>9 juni 1922</strong> in Coevorden geboren als oudste dochter van het Joodse echtpaar Herman Isra&euml;l Jakobs (1896-1945) en Sophie ten Brink (1899-1945).&nbsp;Op <strong>18 augustus 1925</strong> werd haar zusje Minna geboren,<sup data-footnote-id=\"aw2ci\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup>&nbsp;een jaar later op <strong>28 augustus 1926</strong> haar broertje Isra&euml;l.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4pb27\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup>&nbsp;Het gezin woonde op de Koestraat 25a in Zwolle.<sup data-footnote-id=\"al2np\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Het gezin dook in <strong>1942</strong> een tijd onder bij melkboer Dekker in Zwolle. Door onbekende omstandigheden moest het gezin daar weg en doken ze uiteindelijk onder op de Prinses Julianastraat (toen Louise de Colignystraat).<sup data-footnote-id=\"0c6og\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup>&nbsp;Op <strong>25 augustus 1944</strong> werd Betje samen met haar ouders, broertje en zusje ontdekt en gearresteerd.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup>&nbsp;Via Arnhem en Velp kwam het gezin op <strong>29 augustus 1944</strong> in kamp Westerbork aan. Daar kwamen ze in strafbarak 67 terecht, waar vanaf <strong>8 augustus 1944</strong> ook de onderduikers uit het Achterhuis zaten.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Auschwitz-Birkenau</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Net als de acht onderduikers werd Betje Jakobs met haar familie op <strong>3 september 1944</strong> op transport gesteld naar concentratie- en vernietigingskamp Auschwitz.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup>&nbsp;Daar kwamen ze in de nacht van <strong>5 op 6 september 1944</strong> aan. Na de selecties, waarbij de mannen en vrouwen van elkaar gescheiden werden, volgde de registratie. Ze kreeg het nummer A25149 op haar onderarm getatoe&euml;erd.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In het kamp moesten de vrouwen zinloze dwangarbeid verrichten. In <strong>juni 1945 </strong>vertelde Betje Jakobs hierover aan het <em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad</em>: &lsquo;Ons eerste werk was het versjouwen km&rsquo;s verder van zware basaltsteenen naar een of andere bouwplaats, maar het was niets anders dan pesten, want de volgenden dag moesten we die zware brokstukken terugsjouwen.&rsquo;<sup data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Rond <strong>21 oktober 1944</strong> volgden er selecties waarbij ze eerst van haar moeder en vervolgens ook van haar zusje werd gescheiden. Na deze selecties werd het werk zwaarder: &lsquo;<em>Kanalen graven en weer dicht gooien. Toen werd ik ziek, een soort dysenterie</em>.&rsquo;<sup data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup>&nbsp;Ze kwam in de ziekenbarak terecht en was daar getuigen van de dood van Edith Frank. Op <strong>2 augustus 1945</strong> verklaarde Betje aan de medewerkers van het Nederlandse Rode Kruis dat zij &lsquo;daar in mijn nabijheid [had] zien sterven: mevrouw Frank uit Amsterdam, waar haar man de Opektamaatschappij had.&#39;<sup data-footnote-id=\"3wsqe\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Bevrijding</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Op <strong>27 januari 1945</strong> werd Betje Jakobs uit Auschwitz bevrijd, maar was ze meer dood dan levend. Ze was ziek en woog nog slechts 28 kilo. In eerste instantie kwam ze dan ook op een dodenlijst te staan.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ka738\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup>&nbsp;Maar zoals ze zelf vertelde: &lsquo;Reeds kwamen de Russen om mijn lijk op te halen (&hellip;). Ze waren echter nog wat te vroeg, want ik gaf nog teekenen van leven. Maar &rsquo;t zou wel spoedig afloopen&hellip; En toch&hellip; als door een wonder Gods kwam ik er weer boven op.&rsquo;<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Betje Jakobs overleefde als enige van het gezin Jakobs de oorlog. Eenmaal weer in Zwolle verbleef ze een tijd bij de familie Bieringa en probeerde ze de bij een buurman in bewaring gegeven spullen weer terug te krijgen. Deze bleken echter verkocht. Op <strong>11 oktober 1946</strong> bevestigde Betje dat ze akkoord ging met de schikking van fl. 975,-.<sup data-footnote-id=\"vkzrf\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In de <strong>zomer van 1953</strong> trouwde Betje Jakobs met David Zendijk (1923-1970).<sup data-footnote-id=\"ozbpl\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup>&nbsp;Samen kregen ze twee dochters.</p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Bron persoonsgegevens</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"yyvzb\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"aw2ci\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/118816/\" target=\"_blank\">MInna Jakobs</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4pb27\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/118815/\">Isra&euml;l Jakobs</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"al2np\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/38691/koestraat-25-a-zwolle\" target=\"_blank\">Koestraat 25a- Zwolle</a>;&nbsp;Arolsen Archives - International Center on Nazi Persecution, Bad Arolsen: Formulier Volksherstel Betty Jakobs, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/de/search/person/130312178?s=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;t=2574959&amp;p=5\" target=\"_blank\">Document ID 130312178</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"0c6og\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie Collectie Overijssel, <a href=\"https://collectieoverijssel.nl/collectie/?mivast=20&amp;mizig=343&amp;miadt=141&amp;milang=nl&amp;mizk_alle=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;miview=gal1\" target=\"_blank\">Beeldbank (details beschrijving foto&rsquo;s)</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-3\">c</a> </sup><cite>&#39;In &rsquo;t rijk der levenden teruggekeerd. Zwolsch meisje over het vernietigingskamp Auschwitz&rsquo;,&nbsp;<em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad (Ten Heuvel&rsquo;s Krant)</em>, 23 juni 1945. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD05:000165674:mpeg21:a0008\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Joodsche Raad Kaart Betje Jakobs, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/document/130312177\" target=\"_blank\">Document ID 130312177</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>&#39;In &rsquo;t rijk der levenden teruggekeerd. Zwolsch meisje over het vernietigingskamp Auschwitz&#39;, deel II,&nbsp; <em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad (Ten Heuvel&rsquo;s Krant)</em>, 30 juni 1945. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD05:000165675:mpeg21:p001\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3wsqe\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Het Nederlandse Rode Kruis (NRK), Den Haag, toegang 2050, inv.nr. 1267, Verklaring Betje Jakobs, 2 augustus 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ka738\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>De naam van Betty Jakobs komt voor op een dodenlijst die na de bevrijding van het kamp werd opgesteld met als doel &lsquo;<em>Checking of identification of unkown dead</em>.&rsquo; Uit de lijst blijkt dat ze toch nog &lsquo;<em>alive after liberation</em>&rsquo; was. Zie: Arolsen Archives, &lsquo;Evaluation of data on unknown foreign fatalities and unknown fatalities from concentration camps and their grave sites.&rsquo;, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/de/search/person/84611360?s=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;t=222826&amp;p=3\" target=\"_blank\">Reference Co DE ITS 5.3.2 Tote 57</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"vkzrf\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Collectie Overijssel, toegang 0652, inv. 168: &lsquo;Correspondentie betreffende de teruggave van door de familie Jakobs bij een buurman in bewaring gegeven goederen, die blijken te zijn verkocht, 1945 - 1946.&rsquo;.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ozbpl\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>&lsquo;Collectie Overijssel, toegang 0652, inv. 172: Huwelijkskaart Bep Jakobs en D&eacute; Zendijk&rsquo; 30 augustus 1953; &lsquo;Ondertrouw D. Zendijk en B. Jakobs&rsquo;,&nbsp;<em>Nieuwe Haarlemsche courant,</em> 17 juni 1953, Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNHA03:179261064:mpeg21:a00032\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>; &lsquo;Overlijdensadvertentie David Zendijk&rsquo; In:<em> Nieuw Israelietisch weekblad</em>, 27 maart 1970. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010858539:mpeg21:a0074\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yyvzb\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Drents Archief, Assen Drents Archief, Gemeente Coevorden Bevolkingsregister, Deel 18, 1900-1925, Archiefnummer 2001.05, Inventarisnummer 44: <a href=\"https://www.drentsarchief.nl/onderzoeken/genealogie/zoeken/deeds/6b16b214-5e5b-40be-a835-b302919481b6?person=d9521146-7b1f-1cd5-dd46-4a31fb078b7d\" target=\"_blank\">Registratie Betje Jakobs</a>; Overlijdensadvertentie Bep Zendijk-Jakobs&rsquo; in: <em>Nieuw Israelietisch weekblad, </em>29 september 1978. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010860044:mpeg21:a0126\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher.</a></cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>",
    "content_en": "<p>Betje (Betty/Bep) Jakobs was born on <strong>9 June 1922</strong> in Coevorden as the eldest daughter of the Jewish couple Herman Isra&euml;l Jakobs (1896-1945) and Sophie ten Brink (1899-1945). Her sister Minna was born on <strong>18 August 1925</strong>,<sup data-footnote-id=\"aw2ci\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup>&nbsp;a year later on <strong>28 August 1926</strong> her brother Israel.<sup data-footnote-id=\"4pb27\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup>&nbsp;The family lived at Koestraat 25a in Zwolle. .<sup data-footnote-id=\"al2np\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>1942</strong>, the family went into hiding with milkman Dekker in Zwolle for a while. Due to unknown circumstances, the family had to leave there and they eventually went into hiding on Prinses Julianastraat (then Louise de Colignystraat).<sup data-footnote-id=\"0c6og\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup>&nbsp;On <strong>25 August 1944</strong>, Betje was discovered and arrested together with her parents, brother and sister.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup>&nbsp;The family arrived at camp Westerbork via Arnhem and Velp on <strong>29 August 1944</strong>. There they ended up in penal barrack 67, where the people from the Secret Annex were also interned from <strong>8 August 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Auschwitz-Birkenau</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Just like the eight people from the Secret Annex, Betje Jakobs and her family were deported to Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp on <strong>3 September 1944</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup>&nbsp;They arrived there on the night of <strong>5-6 September 1944</strong>. After the selections, where the men and women were separated, registration followed. She got the number A25149 tattooed on her forearm.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In the camp the women had to do pointless forced labor. In <strong>June 1945</strong>, Betje Jakobs told the <em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad</em> about this: &lsquo;Our first job was to carry heavy basalt stones miles away to some construction site, but it was nothing more than bullying, because the next day we had to pick up those heavy pieces of rubble and&nbsp;trudge back again.&rsquo;<sup data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Selections followed around <strong>21 October 1944</strong>, during which she was first separated from her mother and then from her sister. After these selections, the work became harder: &#39;Digging canals and closing them again. Then I got sick, a kind of dysentery.&rsquo;<sup data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-2\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup>&nbsp;She ended up in the sick huts and witnessed Edith Frank&#39;s death there. On <strong>2 August 1945</strong>, Betje told the employees of the Dutch Red Cross that she &#39;had seen Mrs. Frank from Amsterdam, where her husband owned the Opekta company, die right there near me.&#39;<sup data-footnote-id=\"3wsqe\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Liberation</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>On <strong>27 January 1945</strong>, Betje Jakobs was liberated from Auschwitz, but she was more dead than alive. She was sick and weighed only 28 kilos. Initially, she was put on a death list.<sup data-footnote-id=\"ka738\"><a href=\"#footnote-9\" id=\"footnote-marker-9-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[9]</a></sup>&nbsp;But as she herself said: &#39;The Russians already came to collect my body (...). However, they were a bit too early, because I was still showing signs of life. But it would end soon... And yet... as if by divine miracle I recovered.&#39;<sup data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-3\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Betje Jakobs was the only one from the Jakobs family to survive the war. Once back in Zwolle, she stayed with the Bieringa family for a while and tried to get back the items that had been entrusted to a neighbour. However, these appeared to have been sold. On <strong>11 October 1946</strong>, Betje confirmed that she agreed to the settlement of 975 guilders.<sup data-footnote-id=\"vkzrf\"><a href=\"#footnote-10\" id=\"footnote-marker-10-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[10]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In the <strong>summer of 1953</strong>, Betje Jakobs married David Zendijk (1923-1970).<sup data-footnote-id=\"ozbpl\"><a href=\"#footnote-11\" id=\"footnote-marker-11-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[11]</a></sup>&nbsp;Together they had two daughters.</p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Source personal data</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"yyvzb\"><a href=\"#footnote-12\" id=\"footnote-marker-12-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[12]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"aw2ci\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/118816/\" target=\"_blank\">Minna Jakobs</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"4pb27\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/118815/\" target=\"_blank\">Isra&euml;l Jakobs</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"al2np\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Joods Monument: <a href=\"https://www.joodsmonument.nl/nl/page/38691/koestraat-25-a-zwolle\" target=\"_blank\">Koestraat 25a - Zwolle</a>; Arolsen Archives - International Center on Nazi Persecution, Bad Arolsen: Formulier Volksherstel Betty Jakobs, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/de/search/person/130312178?s=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;t=2574959&amp;p=5\" target=\"_blank\">Document ID 130312178</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"0c6og\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie: Collectie Overijssel: <a href=\"https://collectieoverijssel.nl/collectie/?mivast=20&amp;mizig=343&amp;miadt=141&amp;milang=nl&amp;mizk_alle=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;miview=gal1\" target=\"_blank\">Beeldbank (details beschrijving foto&rsquo;s)</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3bjoh\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-2\">b</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-3\">c</a> </sup><cite>&#39;In &rsquo;t rijk der levenden teruggekeerd. Zwolsch meisje over het vernietigingskamp Auschwitz&rsquo;,&nbsp;<em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad (Ten Heuvel&rsquo;s Krant)</em>, 23 juni 1945. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD05:000165674:mpeg21:a0008\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"r7wr6\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>Arolsen Archives, Joodsche Raad Kaart Betje Jakobs, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/document/130312177\" target=\"_blank\">Document ID 130312177</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yi8y3\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">a</a>, <a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-2\">b</a> </sup><cite>&#39;In &rsquo;t rijk der levenden teruggekeerd. Zwolsch meisje over het vernietigingskamp Auschwitz&#39;, deel II,&nbsp; <em>Zwolsch Nieuws- en Advertentieblad (Ten Heuvel&rsquo;s Krant)</em>, 30 juni 1945. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"http://https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD05:000165675:mpeg21:p001\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3wsqe\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Het Nederlandse Rode Kruis (NRK), Den Haag, toegang 2050, inv.nr. 1267, Verklaring Betje Jakobs, 2 augustus 1945.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ka738\" id=\"footnote-9\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-9-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>De naam van Betty Jakobs komt voor op een dodenlijst die na de bevrijding van het kamp werd opgesteld met als doel &lsquo;<em>Checking of identification of unkown dead</em>.&rsquo; Uit de lijst blijkt dat ze toch nog &lsquo;<em>alive after liberation</em>&rsquo; was. Zie: Arolsen Archives, &lsquo;Evaluation of data on unknown foreign fatalities and unknown fatalities from concentration camps and their grave sites.&rsquo;, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/de/search/person/84611360?s=Betje%20Jakobs&amp;t=222826&amp;p=3\" target=\"_blank\">Reference Co DE ITS 5.3.2 Tote 57</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"vkzrf\" id=\"footnote-10\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-10-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Collectie Overijssel, toegang 0652, inv. 168: &lsquo;Correspondentie betreffende de teruggave van door de familie Jakobs bij een buurman in bewaring gegeven goederen, die blijken te zijn verkocht, 1945 - 1946.&rsquo;.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"ozbpl\" id=\"footnote-11\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-11-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>&lsquo;Collectie Overijssel, toegang 0652, inv. 172: Huwelijkskaart Bep Jakobs en D&eacute; Zendijk&rsquo; 30 augustus 1953; &lsquo;Ondertrouw D. Zendijk en B. Jakobs&rsquo;,&nbsp;<em>Nieuwe Haarlemsche courant,</em> 17 juni 1953, Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNHA03:179261064:mpeg21:a00032\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>; &lsquo;Overlijdensadvertentie David Zendijk&rsquo; In:<em> Nieuw Israelietisch weekblad</em>, 27 maart 1970. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010858539:mpeg21:a0074\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"yyvzb\" id=\"footnote-12\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-12-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Drents Archief, Assen Drents Archief, Gemeente Coevorden Bevolkingsregister, Deel 18, 1900-1925, Archiefnummer 2001.05, Inventarisnummer 44: <a href=\"https://www.drentsarchief.nl/onderzoeken/genealogie/zoeken/deeds/6b16b214-5e5b-40be-a835-b302919481b6?person=d9521146-7b1f-1cd5-dd46-4a31fb078b7d\" target=\"_blank\">Registratie Betje Jakobs</a>; Overlijdensadvertentie Bep Zendijk-Jakobs&rsquo; in: <em>Nieuw Israelietisch weekblad, </em>29 september 1978. Geraadpleegd via <a href=\"https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010860044:mpeg21:a0126\" target=\"_blank\">Delpher</a>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>",
    "birth_date": "1922-06-09",
    "death_date": "1978-09-21",
    "gender": "female",
    "birth_place": "Coevorden",
    "birth_country": "Nederland",
    "death_place": "",
    "death_country": "Nederland",
    "summary": "Betje Jakobs was imprisoned in camp Westerbork and Auschwitz together with the people in hiding from the Secret Annex. In the infirmary hut of Auschwitz-Birkenau she witnessed the death of Edith Frank.",
    "summary_nl": "Betje Jakobs zat samen met de onderduikers uit het Achterhuis gevangen in kamp Westerbork en Auschwitz. In de ziekenbarak van Auschwitz-Birkenau was ze getuige van het overlijden van Edith Frank.",
    "summary_en": "Betje Jakobs was imprisoned in camp Westerbork and Auschwitz together with the people in hiding from the Secret Annex. In the infirmary hut of Auschwitz-Birkenau she witnessed the death of Edith Frank.",
    "same_as": null,
    "files": []
}