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{
"id": 2421,
"image": null,
"pictures": [],
"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/personen/5f3181dc-d176-4149-869f-287107256e93/",
"subjects": [
"https://research.annefrank.org/en/api/subjects/89469df2-3208-41fd-9879-91b89fde3a21?format=api"
],
"published": true,
"uuid": "5f3181dc-d176-4149-869f-287107256e93",
"first_name": "Paul",
"last_name": "Wronker",
"infix": "",
"title": "Paul Wonker",
"title_nl": "Paul Wronker",
"title_en": "Paul Wonker",
"content": "<p>Paul Wronker rented a room from the Frank famly <strong>from 28 May 1940 to 13 March 1941</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"mo67u\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> On <strong>22 July 1942</strong> he married Rosel Goldschmidt. Fritz Pfeffer was a witness at the ceremony.<sup data-footnote-id=\"nmdnv\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Anne wrote in her diary on <strong>20 October 1942</strong> that he and his wife had been sent to Poland. Two days later she wrote that they had been recalled, and that Miep went to visit them.<sup data-footnote-id=\"2njfl\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup>On <strong>25 May 1943 </strong>he and his wife went to Camp Vught, and from there to Westerbork on <strong>2 July 1943</strong> .<sup data-footnote-id=\"buw46\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> Philip Mechanicus gives a short characterisation of the arrival of sixteen hundred people at Westerbork on this day.<sup data-footnote-id=\"t5fl0\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>In an undated post-war letter, Otto Frank writes to his family in Basel that Paul Wronker had lived with them for a while,<sup data-footnote-id=\"czopm\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> after the departure of Ernst Katz. He described the relationship with Wronker as good and even friendly. Otto called him a <em>l</em><em>ieber anständiger Mensch</em>, but also <em>ein weicher Type</em>. The letter reveals that Alice Frank-Stern received money from Wronker's uncle in Switzerland, for which Otto Frank gave Wronker the equivalent currency in Amsterdam. Now that the war had ended, Otto wanted this paid back because he desperately needed the money.<sup data-footnote-id=\"9oz3c\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Source personal data</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"djgug\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mo67u\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Woningkaarten, inv. nr. 230: Woningkaart Merwedeplein 37 II.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"nmdnv\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Burgerlijke Stand (toegang 5009), inv. nr. 6753: huwelijksakten 1942, deel 45, 13f, akte 21.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2njfl\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 20 and 22 October 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works, </em>transl. from the Dutch by Susan Massotty, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"buw46\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>International Tracing Service (ITS), Bad Arolsen, 1.1.12.2: individuele documenten kamp Herzogenbusch, Paul Israel Wronker, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/people/426153/?p=1&s=wronker&s_lastName=asc\" target=\"_blank\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/people/426153/?p=1&s=wronker&s_lastName=asc</a> (geraadpleegd 23 juli 2019).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"t5fl0\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Philp Mechanicus, <em>In depot</em><em>. Dagboek uit Westerbork van Philip Mechanicus</em>, Amsterdam, Polak & van Gennep, 1964, p. 66.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"czopm\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Hij wordt herkenbaar opgevoerd in één van Annes verhaaltjes. Anne Frank, Verhaaltjes en gebeurtenissen uit het Achterhuis, "Pension- of huurgasten"., 15 oktober 1943, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"9oz3c\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting, Anne Frank Collectie, Otto Frank Archief, reg. code OFA_071: Ongedateerd schrijven, waarschijnlijk zomer '45.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"djgug\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart P. Wronker.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_nl": "<p>Paul Wronker huurde van<strong> 28 mei 1940 </strong>tot <strong>13 maart 1941</strong> een kamer bij de familie Frank.<sup data-footnote-id=\"mo67u\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> Op <strong>22 juli 1942</strong> trouwde hij met Rosel Goldschmidt. Fritz Pfeffer was getuige bij het huwelijk.<sup data-footnote-id=\"nmdnv\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Anne schrijft op <strong>20 oktober 1942</strong> in haar dagboek dat hij en zijn vrouw doorgezonden waren naar Polen. Twee dagen later schrijft ze dat ze waren teruggehaald, en dat Miep bij ze langs ging.<sup data-footnote-id=\"2njfl\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup> Op <strong>25 mei 1943 </strong>moest hij met zijn vrouw naar kamp Vught en vandaar op <strong>2 juli 1943</strong> naar Westerbork.<sup data-footnote-id=\"buw46\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> Philip Mechanicus geeft in zijn dagboek een korte beschrijving over de aankomst die dag in Westerbork van zestienhonderd personen.<sup data-footnote-id=\"t5fl0\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>In een ongedateerde maar naoorlogse brief schreef Otto Frank aan zijn familie in Bazel dat Paul Wronker een tijdlang bij hen in huis woonde,<sup data-footnote-id=\"czopm\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> na het vertrek van Ernst Katz. De omgang met Wronker omschreef hij als goed en zelfs vriendschappelijk. Otto noemde hem een <em>l</em><em>ieber anständiger Mensch</em>, maar ook <em>ein weicher Type</em>. Uit de brief blijkt dat Alice Frank-Stern van Wronkers oom in Zwitserland geld onving, waarvoor Otto Frank Wronker in Amsterdam de tegenwaarde gaf. Nu de oorlog ten einde was, wilde Otto dit verrekend zien, daar hij het geld hard nodig had.<sup data-footnote-id=\"9oz3c\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Bron persoonsgegevens</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"djgug\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mo67u\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Woningkaarten, inv. nr. 230: Woningkaart Merwedeplein 37 II.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"nmdnv\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Burgerlijke Stand (toegang 5009), inv. nr. 6753: huwelijksakten 1942, deel 45, 13f, akte 21.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2njfl\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Dagboek A, 20 en 22 oktober 1942, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>, Amsterdam: Prometheus, 2013.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"buw46\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>International Tracing Service (ITS), Bad Arolsen, 1.1.12.2: individuele documenten kamp Herzogenbusch, Paul Israel Wronker, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/people/426153/?p=1&s=wronker&s_lastName=asc\" target=\"_blank\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/people/426153/?p=1&s=wronker&s_lastName=asc</a> (geraadpleegd 23 juli 2019).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"t5fl0\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Philp Mechanicus, <em>In depot</em><em>. Dagboek uit Westerbork van Philip Mechanicus</em>, Amsterdam, Polak & van Gennep, 1964, p. 66.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"czopm\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Hij wordt herkenbaar opgevoerd in één van Annes verhaaltjes. Anne Frank, Verhaaltjes en gebeurtenissen uit het Achterhuis, "Pension- of huurgasten"., 15 oktober 1943, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"9oz3c\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting, Anne Frank Collectie, Otto Frank Archief, reg. code OFA_071: Ongedateerd schrijven, waarschijnlijk zomer '45.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"djgug\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart P. Wronker.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_en": "<p>Paul Wronker rented a room from the Frank famly <strong>from 28 May 1940 to 13 March 1941</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"mo67u\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> On <strong>22 July 1942</strong> he married Rosel Goldschmidt. Fritz Pfeffer was a witness at the ceremony.<sup data-footnote-id=\"nmdnv\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Anne wrote in her diary on <strong>20 October 1942</strong> that he and his wife had been sent to Poland. Two days later she wrote that they had been recalled, and that Miep went to visit them.<sup data-footnote-id=\"2njfl\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup>On <strong>25 May 1943 </strong>he and his wife went to Camp Vught, and from there to Westerbork on <strong>2 July 1943</strong> .<sup data-footnote-id=\"buw46\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup> Philip Mechanicus gives a short characterisation of the arrival of sixteen hundred people at Westerbork on this day.<sup data-footnote-id=\"t5fl0\"><a href=\"#footnote-5\" id=\"footnote-marker-5-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[5]</a></sup> </p>\r\n\r\n<p>In an undated post-war letter, Otto Frank writes to his family in Basel that Paul Wronker had lived with them for a while,<sup data-footnote-id=\"czopm\"><a href=\"#footnote-6\" id=\"footnote-marker-6-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[6]</a></sup> after the departure of Ernst Katz. He described the relationship with Wronker as good and even friendly. Otto called him a <em>l</em><em>ieber anständiger Mensch</em>, but also <em>ein weicher Type</em>. The letter reveals that Alice Frank-Stern received money from Wronker's uncle in Switzerland, for which Otto Frank gave Wronker the equivalent currency in Amsterdam. Now that the war had ended, Otto wanted this paid back because he desperately needed the money.<sup data-footnote-id=\"9oz3c\"><a href=\"#footnote-7\" id=\"footnote-marker-7-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[7]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Source personal data</em>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"djgug\"><a href=\"#footnote-8\" id=\"footnote-marker-8-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[8]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"mo67u\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief (SAA), Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Woningkaarten, inv. nr. 230: Woningkaart Merwedeplein 37 II.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"nmdnv\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Burgerlijke Stand (toegang 5009), inv. nr. 6753: huwelijksakten 1942, deel 45, 13f, akte 21.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"2njfl\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank, Diary Version A, 20 and 22 October 1942, in: <em>The Collected Works, </em>transl. from the Dutch by Susan Massotty, London [etc.]: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2019.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"buw46\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>International Tracing Service (ITS), Bad Arolsen, 1.1.12.2: individuele documenten kamp Herzogenbusch, Paul Israel Wronker, <a href=\"https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/people/426153/?p=1&s=wronker&s_lastName=asc\" target=\"_blank\">https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/search/people/426153/?p=1&s=wronker&s_lastName=asc</a> (geraadpleegd 23 juli 2019).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"t5fl0\" id=\"footnote-5\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-5-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Philp Mechanicus, <em>In depot</em><em>. Dagboek uit Westerbork van Philip Mechanicus</em>, Amsterdam, Polak & van Gennep, 1964, p. 66.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"czopm\" id=\"footnote-6\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-6-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Hij wordt herkenbaar opgevoerd in één van Annes verhaaltjes. Anne Frank, Verhaaltjes en gebeurtenissen uit het Achterhuis, "Pension- of huurgasten"., 15 oktober 1943, in: <em>Verzameld werk</em>.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"9oz3c\" id=\"footnote-7\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-7-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting, Anne Frank Collectie, Otto Frank Archief, reg. code OFA_071: Ongedateerd schrijven, waarschijnlijk zomer '45.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"djgug\" id=\"footnote-8\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-8-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>SAA, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Archiefkaarten (toegangsnummer 30238): Archiefkaart P. Wronker.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"birth_date": "1903-12-16",
"death_date": "1943-07-16",
"gender": "male",
"birth_place": "Lissa",
"birth_country": "Duitsland",
"death_place": "Sobibor",
"death_country": "",
"summary": "Paul Wronker rented a room from the Frank family on the Merwedeplein.",
"summary_nl": "Paul Wronker huurde een kamer bij de familie Frank aan het Merwedeplein.",
"summary_en": "Paul Wronker rented a room from the Frank family on the Merwedeplein.",
"same_as": null,
"files": []
}