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{
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"name": "Miep Gies-1.jpg",
"title": "Miep Gies, rond 1930",
"alt": "Fotocollectie: Anne Frank Stichting, Amsterdam",
"url": "",
"path": "https://research.annefrank.org/media/A_Gies_III_021.jpg",
"filetype": "image",
"description": "Miep Gies, rond 1930",
"author": "De collectie kan worden ingezet voor publiek",
"copyright": "Status onduidelijk"
},
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"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/personen/960fd1b1-4b84-4e4b-9eac-145c17dbf2b2/",
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"first_name": "Hermine",
"last_name": "Gies - Santrouschitz",
"infix": "",
"title": "Miep Gies - Santrouschitz",
"title_nl": "Miep Gies-Santrouschitz",
"title_en": "Miep Gies - Santrouschitz",
"content": "<p>Miep Gies was born as Hermine Santrouschitz on <strong>15 February 1909</strong> in Vienna, the daughter of Karoline Santrouschitz.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3a3ak\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> The baptism took place on <strong>19 February 1909</strong> by Father Mayr in a church at Alservorstadt 195. Godmother was Hermine Lindner.<sup data-footnote-id=\"dbqpf\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> According to official documents, only the name of Miep's mother is known, although Johan Eipeldauer (or Apeltauer) recognized paternity in court on <strong>8 April 1909</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"srh42\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Because of food shortages in post-war Vienna, she was sent on a transport of Austrian children to the Netherlands <strong>in late 1920</strong> to gain strength. She was taken in by the family of Laurens Nieuwenburg and lived with them on Atjehstraat in Leiden. In the <strong>spring of 1924</strong> the family moved to Amsterdam and lived at various addresses in the Rivierenbuurt district.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In Leiden and Amsterdam, Miep attended public primary school and then went to the three-year ULO (secondary education) course on Mauritskade. After school she went to work as a typist at Schellekens' Borduur- en Plisseerateliers, where she met Jan Gies. By <strong>late 1932</strong> she lost her job and after a period of unemployment went to work for Opekta in <strong>October 1933</strong>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>When Austria was annexed by Germany in early <strong>1938</strong>, Miep became a German citizen against her will. Marrying Jan Gies in order to become Dutch was impossible, because his first marriage had not yet been annulled. She applied for naturalisation in <strong>1939</strong>. At the <strong>end of 1940</strong> she withdrew this request, because Jan's divorce was virtually settled. They got married in <strong>July 1941</strong>, and in <strong>1950 </strong>their only child Paul was born.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>1942</strong>, Miep was one of the four office employees at Otto Frank's companies. She was therefore asked to contribute to the care of the people in hiding in the Secret Annex. One of her tasks was to collect the shopping list in the morning and to deliver the shopping - if available - at noon. During the raid on<strong> 4 August 1944</strong>, she was not arrested, despite the suspicions of SS officer Silberbauer.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>When Otto Frank returned to Amsterdam on <strong>3 June 1945</strong>, he first went to live with Miep and Jan Gies. He continued to live with them until he left for Switzerland in <strong>1952</strong>. In <strong>1972</strong> she received the Yad Vashem decoration at Otto Frank's nomination. After Frank's death in <strong>1980</strong>, Miep took over his public role with regard to Anne's diary to a certain extent. In <strong>1987 </strong>her biography, written by Alison Leslie Gold, was published. After Jan's death in <strong>1993</strong>, Miep moved to Hoorn. She lived there independently until she was moved to a nursing home after a fall in <strong>2009</strong>. There she died shortly before her 101st birthday.<sup data-footnote-id=\"5wrf3\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3a3ak\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Persoonskaarten (toegangsnummer 30408): Persoonskaart H. Santrouschitz.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"dbqpf\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_Gies_I_023: "Geburts- und Tauf-Schein", gedateerd 29 januari 1941. Achter de naam van Hermine Lindner is iets gekrabbeld waarvan niet duidelijk is of het ook een persoonsnaam is.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"srh42\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_I_027: Afschrift 2 mei 1941. Echter blijkt dit niet uit andere officiële akten zoals haar persoonskaart en haar trouwboekje waarin alleen haar moeder is opgenomen. AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_I_016: Familieboekje (trouwboekje) op naam van Gies, Jan Augustus en Santrouschitz, Hermine (kopie).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"5wrf3\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Literature: Miep Gies with Alison Leslie Gold, <em>Anne Frank remembered: the story of Miep Gies who helped to hide the Frank family</em>, New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1987 (reprinted several times); David Barnouw, Santrouschitz, Hermine, in: <em>Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland, </em><a href=\"https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Santrouschit\" target=\"_blank\">https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Santrouschitz</a> [20/05/2016].</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_nl": "<p>Miep Gies werd als Hermine Santrouschitz op <strong>15 februari 1909</strong> in Wenen geboren als dochter van Karoline Santrouschitz<em>.</em><sup data-footnote-id=\"95a87\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> De doop vond plaats op <strong>19 februari 1909</strong> door pastoor Mayr in een kerk aan de Alservorstadt 195. Peettante was Hermine Lindner.<sup data-footnote-id=\"dj82l\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> Volgens officiële stukken is alleen de naam van Mieps moeder bekend, hoewel Johan Eipeldauer (of Apeltauer) op <strong>8 april 1909</strong> voor de rechtbank het vaderschap erkende.<sup data-footnote-id=\"0fxmw\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Vanwege de voedselschaarste in het naoorlogse Wenen kwam Miep <strong>eind 1920</strong> met een transport Oostenrijkse kinderen naar Nederland om aan te sterken. Ze werd in het gezin van Laurens Nieuwenburg opgenomen en woonde met hen aan de Atjehstraat in Leiden. In het <strong>voorjaar van 1924 </strong>verhuisde het gezin naar Amsterdam en woonde op verschillende adressen in de Rivierenbuurt.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In Leiden en Amsterdam bezocht Miep de openbare lagere school en ging vervolgens naar de 3-jarige ULO aan de Mauritskade. Na de school ging ze als typiste werken bij Schellekens’ Borduur- en Plisseerateliers, waar ze Jan Gies leerde kennen. <strong>Eind 1932</strong> verloor ze haar baan en ging na een periode van werkloosheid in <strong>oktober 1933</strong> bij Opekta werken.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Toen Oostenrijk <strong>begin 1938</strong> bij Duitsland werd ingelijfd, werd Miep tegen wil en dank Duits staatsburger. Met Jan Gies trouwen om zo Nederlandse te worden, was onmogelijk omdat zijn eerste huwelijk nog niet ontbonden was. Ze vroeg in <strong>1939</strong> naturalisatie aan. <strong>Eind 1940 </strong>trok ze dit verzoek in, omdat Jans echtscheiding zo goed als geregeld was. In <strong>juli 1941</strong> trouwden ze, en in <strong>1950</strong> werd hun enige kind Paul geboren.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>1942 </strong>was Miep een van de vier kantoormedewerkers bij de bedrijven van Otto Frank. Daarom werd haar gevraagd aan de verzorging van de onderduikers in het Achterhuis bij te dragen. Een van haar taken was ’s morgens de boodschappenlijst op te halen en tussen de middag de spullen – voor zover verkrijgbaar - af te leveren. Bij de inval op <strong>4 augustus 1944</strong> werd ze, ondanks de achterdocht van SS-officier Silberbauer, niet gearresteerd.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Toen Otto Frank op <strong>3 juni 1945</strong> in Amsterdam terugkwam, ging hij allereerst naar Miep en Jan Gies. Hij bleef bij hen wonen tot hij in <strong>1952 </strong> naar Zwitserland vertrok. In <strong>1972 </strong>kreeg ze op voorspraak van Otto Frank de Yad Vashem-onderscheiding. Na diens overlijden in <strong>1980 </strong>nam Miep zijn publieke rol ten aanzien van Annes dagboek tot op zekere hoogte over. In <strong>1987 </strong>verscheen haar door Alison Leslie Gold geschreven biografie. Na de dood van Jan in <strong>1993</strong> vertrok Miep naar Hoorn. Ze woonde daar zelfstandig tot ze eind <strong>2009 </strong>na een val in een verzorgingshuis terechtkwam. Daar overleed ze kort voor haar 101ste verjaardag.<sup data-footnote-id=\"9657o\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"95a87\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Persoonskaarten (toegangsnummer 30408): Persoonskaart H. Santrouschitz.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"dj82l\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_Gies_I_023: "Geburts- und Tauf-Schein", gedateerd 29 januari 1941. Achter de naam van Hermine Lindner is iets gekrabbeld waarvan niet duidelijk is of het ook een persoonsnaam is.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"0fxmw\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_I_027: Afschrift 2 mei 1941. Echter blijkt dit niet uit andere officiële akten zoals haar persoonskaart en haar trouwboekje waarin alleen haar moeder is opgenomen. AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_I_016: Familieboekje (trouwboekje) op naam van Gies, Jan Augustus en Santrouschitz, Hermine (kopie).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"9657o\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Literatuur: Miep Gies en Alison Leslie Gold, <em>Herinneringen aan Anne Frank: het verhaal van Miep Gies, de steun en toeverlaat van de familie Frank in het Achterhuis</em>, Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1987 (diverse malen herdrukt); David Barnouw, Santrouschitz, Hermine, in: <em>Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland, </em><a href=\"https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Santrouschitz\" target=\"_blank\">https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Santrouschitz</a> [20/05/2016].</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_en": "<p>Miep Gies was born as Hermine Santrouschitz on <strong>15 February 1909</strong> in Vienna, the daughter of Karoline Santrouschitz.<sup data-footnote-id=\"3a3ak\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> The baptism took place on <strong>19 February 1909</strong> by Father Mayr in a church at Alservorstadt 195. Godmother was Hermine Lindner.<sup data-footnote-id=\"dbqpf\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup> According to official documents, only the name of Miep's mother is known, although Johan Eipeldauer (or Apeltauer) recognized paternity in court on <strong>8 April 1909</strong>.<sup data-footnote-id=\"srh42\"><a href=\"#footnote-3\" id=\"footnote-marker-3-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[3]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Because of food shortages in post-war Vienna, she was sent on a transport of Austrian children to the Netherlands <strong>in late 1920</strong> to gain strength. She was taken in by the family of Laurens Nieuwenburg and lived with them on Atjehstraat in Leiden. In the <strong>spring of 1924</strong> the family moved to Amsterdam and lived at various addresses in the Rivierenbuurt district.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In Leiden and Amsterdam, Miep attended public primary school and then went to the three-year ULO (secondary education) course on Mauritskade. After school she went to work as a typist at Schellekens' Borduur- en Plisseerateliers, where she met Jan Gies. By <strong>late 1932</strong> she lost her job and after a period of unemployment went to work for Opekta in <strong>October 1933</strong>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>When Austria was annexed by Germany in early <strong>1938</strong>, Miep became a German citizen against her will. Marrying Jan Gies in order to become Dutch was impossible, because his first marriage had not yet been annulled. She applied for naturalisation in <strong>1939</strong>. At the <strong>end of 1940</strong> she withdrew this request, because Jan's divorce was virtually settled. They got married in <strong>July 1941</strong>, and in <strong>1950 </strong>their only child Paul was born.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In <strong>1942</strong>, Miep was one of the four office employees at Otto Frank's companies. She was therefore asked to contribute to the care of the people in hiding in the Secret Annex. One of her tasks was to collect the shopping list in the morning and to deliver the shopping - if available - at noon. During the raid on<strong> 4 August 1944</strong>, she was not arrested, despite the suspicions of SS officer Silberbauer.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>When Otto Frank returned to Amsterdam on <strong>3 June 1945</strong>, he first went to live with Miep and Jan Gies. He continued to live with them until he left for Switzerland in <strong>1952</strong>. In <strong>1972</strong> she received the Yad Vashem decoration at Otto Frank's nomination. After Frank's death in <strong>1980</strong>, Miep took over his public role with regard to Anne's diary to a certain extent. In <strong>1987 </strong>her biography, written by Alison Leslie Gold, was published. After Jan's death in <strong>1993</strong>, Miep moved to Hoorn. She lived there independently until she was moved to a nursing home after a fall in <strong>2009</strong>. There she died shortly before her 101st birthday.<sup data-footnote-id=\"5wrf3\"><a href=\"#footnote-4\" id=\"footnote-marker-4-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[4]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"3a3ak\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Dienst Bevolkingsregister, Persoonskaarten (toegangsnummer 30408): Persoonskaart H. Santrouschitz.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"dbqpf\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting (AFS), Anne Frank Collectie (AFC), reg. code A_Gies_I_023: "Geburts- und Tauf-Schein", gedateerd 29 januari 1941. Achter de naam van Hermine Lindner is iets gekrabbeld waarvan niet duidelijk is of het ook een persoonsnaam is.</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"srh42\" id=\"footnote-3\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-3-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_I_027: Afschrift 2 mei 1941. Echter blijkt dit niet uit andere officiële akten zoals haar persoonskaart en haar trouwboekje waarin alleen haar moeder is opgenomen. AFS, AFC, reg. code A_Gies_I_016: Familieboekje (trouwboekje) op naam van Gies, Jan Augustus en Santrouschitz, Hermine (kopie).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"5wrf3\" id=\"footnote-4\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-4-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Literature: Miep Gies with Alison Leslie Gold, <em>Anne Frank remembered: the story of Miep Gies who helped to hide the Frank family</em>, New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1987 (reprinted several times); David Barnouw, Santrouschitz, Hermine, in: <em>Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland, </em><a href=\"https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Santrouschit\" target=\"_blank\">https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Santrouschitz</a> [20/05/2016].</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"birth_date": "1909-02-15",
"death_date": "2010-01-11",
"gender": "female",
"birth_place": "Wenen",
"birth_country": "Oostenrijk",
"death_place": "Abbekerk",
"death_country": "Nederland",
"summary": "Miep Gies was an employee of Opekta and one of the helpers of the people hiding in the Secret Annex.",
"summary_nl": "Miep Gies was medewerker van Opekta en één van de helpers van de onderduikers in het Achterhuis.",
"summary_en": "Miep Gies was an employee of Opekta and one of the helpers of the people hiding in the Secret Annex.",
"same_as": null,
"files": []
}
