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"name": "A_AFrank_III_055.134",
"title": "Edith Frank-Holländer, Amsterdam, mei 1935 of 1936",
"alt": "Polyfoto. Fotocollectie: Anne Frank Stichting, Amsterdam",
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"description": "Pasfoto in zwart wit van Edith Frank-Holländer uit een fotoalbum, genomen bij Polyfoto in Amsterdam in mei 1935 of 1936, foto op p.52 in het album 'Blanco Monster Electro Huishoudboek 1937'. Bijschrift in handschrift Anne: 'mei 1935'. De datering is niet duidelijk: Anne dateert deze foto mei 1935, Otto andere foto's van dit vel mei 1936.",
"author": "De collectie kan worden ingezet voor publiek",
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"first_name": "Edith",
"last_name": "Frank - Holländer",
"infix": "",
"title": "Edith Frank - Holländer",
"title_nl": "Edith Frank - Holländer",
"title_en": "Edith Frank - Holländer",
"content": "<p>According to her birth certificate, Edith Holländer was born on <strong>16 January 1900</strong> in Aachen, at Heinrichsallee 50. She was a daughter of Abraham Holländer and Rosalie Holländer-Stern. Edith was the youngest of four children.<sup data-footnote-id=\"km9st\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> She had two brothers: Julius and Walter. Bettina, the only sister, died at the age of 16.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Edith attended the evangelical <em>Viktoriaschule</em> at Warmweiherstrasse in her birthplace. In <strong>1916 </strong>she took her school diploma. She was a sporty girl and played tennis. Before her marriage she worked for some time in the family business. The company <em>B. Holländer Rohproduktenhandlung</em>, founded by her grandfather, traded in boilers, equipment and industrial plants as well as old iron, paper and rags. There was a branch in Cologne and from <strong>1914 </strong>the company also had a wagon factory near Hanover, where Edith's brother Walter worked. On <strong>12 May 1925</strong> Edith married Otto Frank and moved to Frankfurt. Margot was born in <strong>1926 </strong>and Anne followed in <strong>1929</strong>. After she and Otto decided to leave Germany in <strong>1933</strong>, Edith went to live with her mother in Aachen for a while. She travelled frequently to Amsterdam, where she looked for accommodation. In <strong>December 1933 </strong>she left for the Netherlands permanently.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>The loss of her old life was hard for Edith. She corresponded regularly with Gertrud Naumann, a girl who had lived next door to her in Frankfurt, and otherwise focused on her family. From<strong> September 1938</strong> she and Otto tried to bring her mother to the Netherlands. Shortly after <em>Kristallnacht</em> the Ministry of Justice gave permission for this. Edith's brothers Walter and Julius managed to emigrate to America. After the arrest on <strong>4 August 1944</strong>, Edith went via Westerbork to Auschwitz. At first she was with her daughters, but after about eight weeks they were sent on to Bergen-Belsen. Edith suffered greatly from this. Little is known about her further fate, but a friend saw her later in a sick bay. She had a high fever and was totally exhausted due to lack of food and illness. She died a few days later at the age of 44.<sup data-footnote-id=\"nl0pq\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"km9st\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting, Anne Frank Collectie, reg. code A_EFrank_I_001: Standesamt Aachen I, Geburterbuch, register A II nr. 211: Geburtsurkunde Edith Holländer (kopie).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"nl0pq\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Literature: Dineke Stam, 'Who was Edith Frank-Holländer?, in: <em>Anne Frank Magazine</em> 1999, p. 52-55; Aukje Vergeest, <em>Anne Frank in the Secret Annexe: who was who?</em>, Amsterdam: Anne Frank House, 2015.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_nl": "<p>Volgens haar geboorteakte werd Edith Holländer geboren op <strong>16 januari 1900</strong> in Aachen, op het adres Heinrichsallee 50. Zij was een dochter van Abraham Holländer en Rosalie Holländer-Stern.<sup data-footnote-id=\"6lvfd\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> Edith was de jongste van vier kinderen. Zij had twee broers: Julius en Walter. Bettina, de enige zuster, overleed op 16-jarige leeftijd.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Edith bezocht de <em>evangelische Viktoriaschule</em> aan de Warmweiherstrasse in haar geboorteplaats. In <strong>1916</strong> deed ze eindexamen. Ze was sportief en ze deed onder meer aan tennis. Voor haar huwelijk werkte ze enige tijd in het familiebedrijf. De door haar grootvader opgerichte firma <em>B. Holländer Rohproduktenhandlung</em> handelde in stoomketels, apparaten en industriële installaties, maar ook in oud ijzer, oud papier en lompen. Er was een nevenvestiging in Keulen en sinds <strong>1914 </strong>had het bedrijf ook een wagonfabriek bij Hannover, waar Ediths broer Walter werkte. Op <strong>12 mei 1925</strong> trouwde Edith met Otto Frank en verhuisde naar Frankfurt. In <strong>1926</strong> werd Margot geboren en in <strong>1929</strong> volgde Anne. Nadat zij en Otto in <strong>1933</strong> besloten Duitsland te verlaten, ging Edith met de kinderen eerst enige tijd bij haar moeder in Aken wonen. Ze reisde veel naar Amsterdam heen en weer. Ze was daar onder meer druk met het zoeken naar een woning. In<strong> december 1933</strong> vertrok ze definitief naar Nederland.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Het gemis van haar oude leven viel Edith zwaar. Ze correspondeerde regelmatig met het vroegere Frankfurtse buurmeisje Gertrud Naumann en ze richtte zich verder vooral op haar gezin. Vanaf <strong>september 1938 </strong>ondernam ze met Otto pogingen haar moeder naar Nederland te halen. Kort na de <em>Kristallnacht</em> verleende het Ministerie van Justitie hiervoor ook toestemming. Ediths broers Walter en Julius slaagden erin naar Amerika te emigreren. Na de arrestatie op <strong>4 augustus 1944</strong> kwam Edith via Westerbork in Auschwitz terecht. Ze was aanvankelijk samen met haar dochters, maar die werden na ongeveer acht weken doorgestuurd naar Bergen-Belsen. Edith leed hier erg onder. Over haar verdere lotgevallen is weinig bekend, maar een vriendin zag haar later in een ziekenbarak. Ze had hoge koorts en was door voedselgebrek en ziekte totaal uitgeput. Ze stierf enkele dagen later op 44-jarige leeftijd.<sup data-footnote-id=\"5lyeg\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"6lvfd\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting, Anne Frank Collectie, reg. code A_EFrank_I_001: Standesamt Aachen I, Geburterbuch, register A II nr. 211: Geburtsurkunde Edith Holländer (kopie).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"5lyeg\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Literatuur: Dineke Stam, 'Wie was Edith Frank-Holländer?', in: <em>Anne Frank Magazine</em> 1999, p. 52-55; Aukje Vergeest, <em>Anne Frank in het Achterhuis: wie was wie?,</em> Amsterdam: Rainbow, 2014.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_en": "<p>According to her birth certificate, Edith Holländer was born on <strong>16 January 1900</strong> in Aachen, at Heinrichsallee 50. She was a daughter of Abraham Holländer and Rosalie Holländer-Stern. Edith was the youngest of four children.<sup data-footnote-id=\"km9st\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup> She had two brothers: Julius and Walter. Bettina, the only sister, died at the age of 16.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Edith attended the evangelical <em>Viktoriaschule</em> at Warmweiherstrasse in her birthplace. In <strong>1916 </strong>she took her school diploma. She was a sporty girl and played tennis. Before her marriage she worked for some time in the family business. The company <em>B. Holländer Rohproduktenhandlung</em>, founded by her grandfather, traded in boilers, equipment and industrial plants as well as old iron, paper and rags. There was a branch in Cologne and from <strong>1914 </strong>the company also had a wagon factory near Hanover, where Edith's brother Walter worked. On <strong>12 May 1925</strong> Edith married Otto Frank and moved to Frankfurt. Margot was born in <strong>1926 </strong>and Anne followed in <strong>1929</strong>. After she and Otto decided to leave Germany in <strong>1933</strong>, Edith went to live with her mother in Aachen for a while. She travelled frequently to Amsterdam, where she looked for accommodation. In <strong>December 1933 </strong>she left for the Netherlands permanently.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>The loss of her old life was hard for Edith. She corresponded regularly with Gertrud Naumann, a girl who had lived next door to her in Frankfurt, and otherwise focused on her family. From<strong> September 1938</strong> she and Otto tried to bring her mother to the Netherlands. Shortly after <em>Kristallnacht</em> the Ministry of Justice gave permission for this. Edith's brothers Walter and Julius managed to emigrate to America. After the arrest on <strong>4 August 1944</strong>, Edith went via Westerbork to Auschwitz. At first she was with her daughters, but after about eight weeks they were sent on to Bergen-Belsen. Edith suffered greatly from this. Little is known about her further fate, but a friend saw her later in a sick bay. She had a high fever and was totally exhausted due to lack of food and illness. She died a few days later at the age of 44.<sup data-footnote-id=\"nl0pq\"><a href=\"#footnote-2\" id=\"footnote-marker-2-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[2]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"km9st\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Anne Frank Stichting, Anne Frank Collectie, reg. code A_EFrank_I_001: Standesamt Aachen I, Geburterbuch, register A II nr. 211: Geburtsurkunde Edith Holländer (kopie).</cite></li>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"nl0pq\" id=\"footnote-2\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-2-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Literature: Dineke Stam, 'Who was Edith Frank-Holländer?, in: <em>Anne Frank Magazine</em> 1999, p. 52-55; Aukje Vergeest, <em>Anne Frank in the Secret Annexe: who was who?</em>, Amsterdam: Anne Frank House, 2015.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"birth_date": "1900-01-16",
"death_date": "1945-01-06",
"gender": "female",
"birth_place": "Aken",
"birth_country": "Duitsland",
"death_place": "Auschwitz-Birkenau",
"death_country": "",
"summary": "Edith Frank-Holländer was the mother of Margot and Anne Frank.",
"summary_nl": "Edith Frank-Holländer was de moeder van Margot en Anne Frank.",
"summary_en": "Edith Frank-Holländer was the mother of Margot and Anne Frank.",
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