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{
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"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/onderwerpen/2f953762-15f3-4feb-b405-3e6663a0db05/",
"published": true,
"uuid": "2f953762-15f3-4feb-b405-3e6663a0db05",
"name": "Concentration camps",
"name_nl": "Concentratiekampen",
"name_en": "Concentration camps",
"description": "<p>There were about 1,000 concentration and sub-camps and seven extermination camps. They were designed for the murder of millions of people, the elimination of political opponents, exploitation through forced labour, human medical experiments and the internment of prisoners of war. The camp system was an essential part of the National Socialist regime of injustice, from which large branches of German industry directly or indirectly benefitted.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>The people from the Secret Annex all ended up in various concentration and extermination camps:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"margin-left:40px\">\r\n\t<li>Anne Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen</li>\r\n\t<li>Margot Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen</li>\r\n\t<li>Edith Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau</li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I</li>\r\n\t<li>Peter van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I, Mauthausen, Melk</li>\r\n\t<li>Hermann van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I</li>\r\n\t<li>Auguste van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen, Raguhn</li>\r\n\t<li>Fritz Pfeffer: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I, Neuengamme</li>\r\n</ul>",
"description_nl": "<p>Er waren ongeveer 1.000 concentratie- en subkampen en zeven vernietigingskampen. Ze waren bedoeld voor de moord op miljoenen mensen, de eliminatie van politieke tegenstanders, de uitbuiting door dwangarbeid, menselijke medische experimenten en de internering van krijgsgevangenen. Het kampsysteem vormde een essentieel onderdeel van het nationaal-socialistische regime van onrecht, waarvan grote takken van de Duitse industrie direct of indirect profiteerden.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>De onderduikers uit het Achterhuis belandden allemaal in verschillende concentratie- en vernietigingskampen: </p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"margin-left:40px\">\r\n\t<li>Anne Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen</li>\r\n\t<li>Margot Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen</li>\r\n\t<li>Edith Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau</li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I</li>\r\n\t<li>Peter van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I, Mauthausen, Melk</li>\r\n\t<li>Hermann van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I</li>\r\n\t<li>Auguste van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen, Raguhn</li>\r\n\t<li>Fritz Pfeffer: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I, Neuengamme</li>\r\n</ul>",
"description_en": "<p>There were about 1,000 concentration and sub-camps and seven extermination camps. They were designed for the murder of millions of people, the elimination of political opponents, exploitation through forced labour, human medical experiments and the internment of prisoners of war. The camp system was an essential part of the National Socialist regime of injustice, from which large branches of German industry directly or indirectly benefitted.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>The people from the Secret Annex all ended up in various concentration and extermination camps:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"margin-left:40px\">\r\n\t<li>Anne Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen</li>\r\n\t<li>Margot Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen</li>\r\n\t<li>Edith Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau</li>\r\n\t<li>Otto Frank: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I</li>\r\n\t<li>Peter van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I, Mauthausen, Melk</li>\r\n\t<li>Hermann van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I</li>\r\n\t<li>Auguste van Pels: Westerbork, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen Belsen, Raguhn</li>\r\n\t<li>Fritz Pfeffer: Westerbork, Auschwitz-I, Neuengamme</li>\r\n</ul>",
"summary": "Concentration camps is the collective term for internment facilities, usually in the form of huts, used to (forcibly) imprison people. Before and during World War II, concentration camps were used to imprison or kill persecuted people. They were also used for forced labour.",
"summary_nl": "Concentratiekampen is het verzamelbegrip voor de gevangenenkampen, meestal in de vorm van barakken, die worden gebruikt om mensen (gedwongen) te verzamelen. Voor en tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog werden concentratiekampen gebruikt om vervolgden op te sluiten of te vermoorden. Ook werden ze gebruikt voor de tewerkstelling van gevangenen.",
"summary_en": "Concentration camps is the collective term for internment facilities, usually in the form of huts, used to (forcibly) imprison people. Before and during World War II, concentration camps were used to imprison or kill persecuted people. They were also used for forced labour.",
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"url": "https://research.annefrank.org/en/locaties/0602b4bb-c64e-4ebd-8488-7db3661f989f/",
"published": true,
"name": "Sobibor extermination camp",
"name_nl": "Vernietigingskamp Sobibor",
"name_en": "Sobibor extermination camp",
"uuid": "0602b4bb-c64e-4ebd-8488-7db3661f989f",
"content": "<p>Sobibor was not a prison camp, but set up by the Nazis simply to murder Jews. The Jews were brought in by train and gassed shortly after arrival. Almost no one avoided this. The camp operated from <strong>April 1942</strong> to <strong>October 1943</strong>. Between 170,000 and 250,000 people perished, including more than 34,000 Dutch Jews.<sup data-footnote-id=\"xrue7\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xrue7\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>See: Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobibor_extermination_camp\" target=\"_blank\">Sobibor extermination camp</a>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_nl": "<p>Sobibor was geen gevangenkamp, maar door de nazi's alleen maar opgezet om Joden te vermoorden. De Joden werden per trein aangevoerd en kort na aankomst vergast. Bijna niemand bleef achter. Het kamp heeft van <strong>april 1942</strong> tot <strong>oktober 1943</strong> gefunctioneerd. Er zijn tussen de 170.000 en de 250.000 mensen omgekomen, onder wie meer dan 34.000 Nederlandse Joden.<sup data-footnote-id=\"djhtb\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"djhtb\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>Zie: Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobibór_(vernietigingskamp)\" target=\"_blank\">Sobibor (vernietigingskamp)</a>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"content_en": "<p>Sobibor was not a prison camp, but set up by the Nazis simply to murder Jews. The Jews were brought in by train and gassed shortly after arrival. Almost no one avoided this. The camp operated from <strong>April 1942</strong> to <strong>October 1943</strong>. Between 170,000 and 250,000 people perished, including more than 34,000 Dutch Jews.<sup data-footnote-id=\"xrue7\"><a href=\"#footnote-1\" id=\"footnote-marker-1-1\" rel=\"footnote\">[1]</a></sup></p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"footnotes\">\r\n<header>\r\n<h2>Footnotes</h2>\r\n</header>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li data-footnote-id=\"xrue7\" id=\"footnote-1\"><sup><a href=\"#footnote-marker-1-1\">^</a> </sup><cite>See: Wikipedia: <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobibor_extermination_camp\" target=\"_blank\">Sobibor extermination camp</a>.</cite></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n</section>",
"position": "SRID=4326;POINT (23.59531 51.4457)",
"summary": "Sobibor extermination camp was located in eastern German-occupied Poland.",
"summary_nl": "Vernietigingskamp Sobibor lag in het oosten van het door de Duitsers bezette Polen.",
"summary_en": "Sobibor extermination camp was located in eastern German-occupied Poland.",
"same_as": [
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"street": "",
"zipcode": "",
"city": "Sobibor",
"state": "",
"land": "Polen",
"location_events": [
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}